全新四年樂活讀經
W1 2012-05-21 (撒上23)
經文: 撒母耳記上 23:16-22 掃羅的兒子約拿單起身，往那樹林裡去見大衛，使他倚靠神得以堅固，對他說：「不要懼怕！我父掃羅的手必不加害於你；你必作以色列的王，我也作你的宰相。這事我父掃羅知道了。」…掃羅說：「願耶和華賜福與你們，因你們顧恤我。請你們回去，再確實查明他的住處和行蹤，是誰看見他在那裡，因為我聽見人說他甚狡猾。
默想: 大衛替以色列國殺死非利士人歌利亞，因此，大衛得到以色列人的歡迎程度甚至超過所羅王。大衛也因此招惹掃羅王的嫉妒與殺機。在本章中我們看到所羅身為以色列一國之君，竟然沒心抵抗外敵或是好好統治以色列國，整天在想要如何才能殺死眼中釘大衛。大衛就成為無家可歸的流浪漢，餐風露宿，四處逃命。掃羅王的兒子約拿單卻與大衛成為好朋友，還特別跑到大衛藏身的樹林來訪問大衛，並且鼓勵大衛，要大衛堅心依靠耶和華。大衛也出入都要禱告請問耶和華的指引。掃羅王為了掌握大衛的行蹤，好一舉成擒，殺掉心頭大患。由於大衛曾經到西弗山地躲藏，西弗人就來見掃羅王，向他獻計願意幫助掃羅王擒拿大衛。掃羅王就祝福西弗人，要耶和華祝福他們。由此可見，大衛與掃羅都信奉耶和華，也都會引用耶和華的名來祝福別人。求主幫助我，能夠真心信靠事奉耶和華，而不是只是在嘴巴裡頭稱呼耶和華的名。就像主耶穌說過，到那一日，必有許多人前來對他說：主啊，主啊，我們不是奉你的名傳道，奉你的名趕鬼，奉你的名行許多異能嗎？ (太7:22) 結果卻被主回答說：我從來不認識你們，你們這些作惡的人，離開我去吧！
題目: 掃羅擁有權力，帶著軍隊天天尋索大衛 (v14)，而躲避追殺的大衛，卻是一行一動都求問上帝(v10-14)。試問這兩人面對事情的方式，對你有何提醒？
23:1 有人告訴大衛說：「非利士人攻擊基伊拉，搶奪禾場。」
Now they told David, "Behold, the Philistines are fighting against Kei'lah, and are robbing the threshing floors."
23:2 所以大衛求問耶和華說：「我去攻打那些非利士人可以不可以？」耶和華對大衛說：「你可以去攻打非利士人，拯救基伊拉。」
Therefore David inquired of the LORD, "Shall I go and attack these Philistines?" And the LORD said to David, "Go and attack the Philistines and save Kei'lah."
23:3 跟隨大衛的人對他說：「我們在猶大地這裡尚且懼怕，何況往基伊拉去攻打非利士人的軍旅呢？」
But David's men said to him, "Behold, we are afraid here in Judah; how much more then if we go to Kei'lah against the armies of the Philistines?"
23:4 大衛又求問耶和華。耶和華回答說：「你起身下基伊拉去，我必將非利士人交在你手裡。」
Then David inquired of the LORD again. And the LORD answered him, "Arise, go down to Kei'lah; for I will give the Philistines into your hand."
23:5 大衛和跟隨他的人往基伊拉去，與非利士人打仗，大大殺敗他們，又奪獲他們的牲畜。這樣，大衛救了基伊拉的居民。
And David and his men went to Kei'lah, and fought with the Philistines, and brought away their cattle, and made a great slaughter among them. So David delivered the inhabitants of Kei'lah.
23:6 亞希米勒的兒子亞比亞他逃到基伊拉見大衛的時候，手裡拿著以弗得。
When Abi'athar the son of Ahim'elech fled to David to Kei'lah, he came down with an ephod in his hand.
23:7 有人告訴掃羅說：「大衛到了基伊拉。」掃羅說：「他進了有門有閂的城，困閉在裡頭；這是 神將他交在我手裡了。」
Now it was told Saul that David had come to Kei'lah. And Saul said, "God has given him into my hand; for he has shut himself in by entering a town that has gates and bars."
23:8 於是掃羅招聚眾民，要下去攻打基伊拉城，圍困大衛和跟隨他的人。
And Saul summoned all the people to war, to go down to Kei'lah, to besiege David and his men.
23:9 大衛知道掃羅設計謀害他，就對祭司亞比亞他說：「將以弗得拿過來。」
David knew that Saul was plotting evil against him; and he said to Abi'athar the priest, "Bring the ephod here."
23:10 大衛禱告說：「耶和華─以色列的 神啊，你僕人聽真了掃羅要往基伊拉來，為我的緣故滅城。
Then said David, "O LORD, the God of Israel, thy servant has surely heard that Saul seeks to come to Kei'lah, to destroy the city on my account.
23:11 基伊拉人將我交在掃羅手裡不交？掃羅照著你僕人所聽的話下來不下來？耶和華─以色列的 神啊，求你指示僕人！」耶和華說：「掃羅必下來。」
Will the men of Kei'lah surrender me into his hand? Will Saul come down, as thy servant has heard? O LORD, the God of Israel, I beseech thee, tell thy servant." And the LORD said, "He will come down."
23:12 大衛又說：「基伊拉人將我和跟隨我的人交在掃羅手裡不交？」耶和華說：「必交出來。」
Then said David, "Will the men of Kei'lah surrender me and my men into the hand of Saul?" And the LORD said, "They will surrender you."
23:13 大衛和跟隨他的約有六百人，就起身出了基伊拉，往他們所能往的地方去。有人告訴掃羅，大衛離開基伊拉逃走；於是掃羅不出來了。
Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed from Kei'lah, and they went wherever they could go. When Saul was told that David had escaped from Kei'lah, he gave up the expedition.
23:14 大衛住在曠野的山寨裡，常在西弗曠野的山地。掃羅天天尋索大衛， 神卻不將大衛交在他手裡。
And David remained in the strongholds in the wilderness, in the hill country of the Wilderness of Ziph. And Saul sought him every day, but God did not give him into his hand.
23:15 大衛知道掃羅出來尋索他的命。那時，他住在西弗曠野的樹林裡；
And David was afraid because Saul had come out to seek his life. David was in the Wilderness of Ziph at Horesh.
23:16 掃羅的兒子約拿單起身，往那樹林裡去見大衛，使他倚靠 神得以堅固，
And Jonathan, Saul's son, rose, and went to David at Horesh, and strengthened his hand in God.
23:17 對他說：「不要懼怕！我父掃羅的手必不加害於你；你必作以色列的王，我也作你的宰相。這事我父掃羅知道了。」
And he said to him, "Fear not; for the hand of Saul my father shall not find you; you shall be king over Israel, and I shall be next to you; Saul my father also knows this."
23:18 於是二人在耶和華面前立約。大衛仍住在樹林裡，約拿單回家去了。
And the two of them made a covenant before the LORD; David remained at Horesh, and Jonathan went home.
23:19 西弗人上到基比亞見掃羅，說：「大衛不是在我們那裡的樹林裡山寨中、曠野南邊的哈基拉山藏著嗎？
Then the Ziphites went up to Saul at Gib'e-ah, saying, "Does not David hide among us in the strongholds at Horesh, on the hill of Hachi'lah, which is south of Jeshi'mon?
23:20 王啊，請你隨你的心願下來，我們必親自將他交在王的手裡。」
Now come down, O king, according to all your heart's desire to come down; and our part shall be to surrender him into the king's hand."
23:21 掃羅說：「願耶和華賜福與你們，因你們顧恤我。
And Saul said, "May you be blessed by the LORD; for you have had compassion on me.
23:22 請你們回去，再確實查明他的住處和行蹤，是誰看見他在那裡，因為我聽見人說他甚狡猾。
Go, make yet more sure; know and see the place where his haunt is, and who has seen him there; for it is told me that he is very cunning.
23:23 所以要看準他藏匿的地方，回來據實地告訴我，我就與你們同去。他若在猶大的境內，我必從千門萬戶中搜出他來。」
See therefore, and take note of all the lurking places where he hides, and come back to me with sure information. Then I will go with you; and if he is in the land, I will search him out among all the thousands of Judah."
23:24 西弗人就起身，在掃羅以先往西弗去。大衛和跟隨他的人卻在瑪雲曠野南邊的亞拉巴。
And they arose, and went to Ziph ahead of Saul. Now David and his men were in the wilderness of Ma'on, in the Arabah to the south of Jeshi'mon.
23:25 掃羅和跟隨他的人去尋找大衛；有人告訴大衛，他就下到磐石，住在瑪雲的曠野。掃羅聽見，便在瑪雲的曠野追趕大衛。
And Saul and his men went to seek him. And David was told; therefore he went down to the rock which is in the wilderness of Ma'on. And when Saul heard that, he pursued after David in the wilderness of Ma'on.
23:26 掃羅在山這邊走，大衛和跟隨他的人在山那邊走。大衛急忙躲避掃羅；因為掃羅和跟隨他的人，四面圍住大衛和跟隨他的人，要拿獲他們。
Saul went on one side of the mountain, and David and his men on the other side of the mountain; and David was making haste to get away from Saul, as Saul and his men were closing in upon David and his men to capture them,
23:27 忽有使者來報告掃羅說：「非利士人犯境搶掠，請王快快回去！」
when a messenger came to Saul, saying, "Make haste and come; for the Philistines have made a raid upon the land."
23:28 於是掃羅不追趕大衛，回去攻打非利士人。因此那地方名叫西拉•哈瑪希羅結。
So Saul returned from pursuing after David, and went against the Philistines; therefore that place was called the Rock of Escape.
23:29 大衛從那裡上去，住在隱•基底的山寨裡。
And David went up from there, and dwelt in the strongholds of En-ge'di.
Now they told David, "Behold, the Philistines are fighting against Kei'lah, and are robbing the threshing floors."
23:2 所以大衛求問耶和華說：「我去攻打那些非利士人可以不可以？」耶和華對大衛說：「你可以去攻打非利士人，拯救基伊拉。」
Therefore David inquired of the LORD, "Shall I go and attack these Philistines?" And the LORD said to David, "Go and attack the Philistines and save Kei'lah."
23:3 跟隨大衛的人對他說：「我們在猶大地這裡尚且懼怕，何況往基伊拉去攻打非利士人的軍旅呢？」
But David's men said to him, "Behold, we are afraid here in Judah; how much more then if we go to Kei'lah against the armies of the Philistines?"
23:4 大衛又求問耶和華。耶和華回答說：「你起身下基伊拉去，我必將非利士人交在你手裡。」
Then David inquired of the LORD again. And the LORD answered him, "Arise, go down to Kei'lah; for I will give the Philistines into your hand."
23:5 大衛和跟隨他的人往基伊拉去，與非利士人打仗，大大殺敗他們，又奪獲他們的牲畜。這樣，大衛救了基伊拉的居民。
And David and his men went to Kei'lah, and fought with the Philistines, and brought away their cattle, and made a great slaughter among them. So David delivered the inhabitants of Kei'lah.
23:6 亞希米勒的兒子亞比亞他逃到基伊拉見大衛的時候，手裡拿著以弗得。
When Abi'athar the son of Ahim'elech fled to David to Kei'lah, he came down with an ephod in his hand.
23:7 有人告訴掃羅說：「大衛到了基伊拉。」掃羅說：「他進了有門有閂的城，困閉在裡頭；這是 神將他交在我手裡了。」
Now it was told Saul that David had come to Kei'lah. And Saul said, "God has given him into my hand; for he has shut himself in by entering a town that has gates and bars."
23:8 於是掃羅招聚眾民，要下去攻打基伊拉城，圍困大衛和跟隨他的人。
And Saul summoned all the people to war, to go down to Kei'lah, to besiege David and his men.
23:9 大衛知道掃羅設計謀害他，就對祭司亞比亞他說：「將以弗得拿過來。」
David knew that Saul was plotting evil against him; and he said to Abi'athar the priest, "Bring the ephod here."
23:10 大衛禱告說：「耶和華─以色列的 神啊，你僕人聽真了掃羅要往基伊拉來，為我的緣故滅城。
Then said David, "O LORD, the God of Israel, thy servant has surely heard that Saul seeks to come to Kei'lah, to destroy the city on my account.
23:11 基伊拉人將我交在掃羅手裡不交？掃羅照著你僕人所聽的話下來不下來？耶和華─以色列的 神啊，求你指示僕人！」耶和華說：「掃羅必下來。」
Will the men of Kei'lah surrender me into his hand? Will Saul come down, as thy servant has heard? O LORD, the God of Israel, I beseech thee, tell thy servant." And the LORD said, "He will come down."
23:12 大衛又說：「基伊拉人將我和跟隨我的人交在掃羅手裡不交？」耶和華說：「必交出來。」
Then said David, "Will the men of Kei'lah surrender me and my men into the hand of Saul?" And the LORD said, "They will surrender you."
23:13 大衛和跟隨他的約有六百人，就起身出了基伊拉，往他們所能往的地方去。有人告訴掃羅，大衛離開基伊拉逃走；於是掃羅不出來了。
Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed from Kei'lah, and they went wherever they could go. When Saul was told that David had escaped from Kei'lah, he gave up the expedition.
23:14 大衛住在曠野的山寨裡，常在西弗曠野的山地。掃羅天天尋索大衛， 神卻不將大衛交在他手裡。
And David remained in the strongholds in the wilderness, in the hill country of the Wilderness of Ziph. And Saul sought him every day, but God did not give him into his hand.
23:15 大衛知道掃羅出來尋索他的命。那時，他住在西弗曠野的樹林裡；
And David was afraid because Saul had come out to seek his life. David was in the Wilderness of Ziph at Horesh.
23:16 掃羅的兒子約拿單起身，往那樹林裡去見大衛，使他倚靠 神得以堅固，
And Jonathan, Saul's son, rose, and went to David at Horesh, and strengthened his hand in God.
23:17 對他說：「不要懼怕！我父掃羅的手必不加害於你；你必作以色列的王，我也作你的宰相。這事我父掃羅知道了。」
And he said to him, "Fear not; for the hand of Saul my father shall not find you; you shall be king over Israel, and I shall be next to you; Saul my father also knows this."
23:18 於是二人在耶和華面前立約。大衛仍住在樹林裡，約拿單回家去了。
And the two of them made a covenant before the LORD; David remained at Horesh, and Jonathan went home.
23:19 西弗人上到基比亞見掃羅，說：「大衛不是在我們那裡的樹林裡山寨中、曠野南邊的哈基拉山藏著嗎？
Then the Ziphites went up to Saul at Gib'e-ah, saying, "Does not David hide among us in the strongholds at Horesh, on the hill of Hachi'lah, which is south of Jeshi'mon?
23:20 王啊，請你隨你的心願下來，我們必親自將他交在王的手裡。」
Now come down, O king, according to all your heart's desire to come down; and our part shall be to surrender him into the king's hand."
23:21 掃羅說：「願耶和華賜福與你們，因你們顧恤我。
And Saul said, "May you be blessed by the LORD; for you have had compassion on me.
23:22 請你們回去，再確實查明他的住處和行蹤，是誰看見他在那裡，因為我聽見人說他甚狡猾。
Go, make yet more sure; know and see the place where his haunt is, and who has seen him there; for it is told me that he is very cunning.
23:23 所以要看準他藏匿的地方，回來據實地告訴我，我就與你們同去。他若在猶大的境內，我必從千門萬戶中搜出他來。」
See therefore, and take note of all the lurking places where he hides, and come back to me with sure information. Then I will go with you; and if he is in the land, I will search him out among all the thousands of Judah."
23:24 西弗人就起身，在掃羅以先往西弗去。大衛和跟隨他的人卻在瑪雲曠野南邊的亞拉巴。
And they arose, and went to Ziph ahead of Saul. Now David and his men were in the wilderness of Ma'on, in the Arabah to the south of Jeshi'mon.
23:25 掃羅和跟隨他的人去尋找大衛；有人告訴大衛，他就下到磐石，住在瑪雲的曠野。掃羅聽見，便在瑪雲的曠野追趕大衛。
And Saul and his men went to seek him. And David was told; therefore he went down to the rock which is in the wilderness of Ma'on. And when Saul heard that, he pursued after David in the wilderness of Ma'on.
23:26 掃羅在山這邊走，大衛和跟隨他的人在山那邊走。大衛急忙躲避掃羅；因為掃羅和跟隨他的人，四面圍住大衛和跟隨他的人，要拿獲他們。
Saul went on one side of the mountain, and David and his men on the other side of the mountain; and David was making haste to get away from Saul, as Saul and his men were closing in upon David and his men to capture them,
23:27 忽有使者來報告掃羅說：「非利士人犯境搶掠，請王快快回去！」
when a messenger came to Saul, saying, "Make haste and come; for the Philistines have made a raid upon the land."
23:28 於是掃羅不追趕大衛，回去攻打非利士人。因此那地方名叫西拉•哈瑪希羅結。
So Saul returned from pursuing after David, and went against the Philistines; therefore that place was called the Rock of Escape.
23:29 大衛從那裡上去，住在隱•基底的山寨裡。
And David went up from there, and dwelt in the strongholds of En-ge'di.
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經文摘要：
回覆刪除1) 撒母耳記上 23:4 大衛又求問耶和華。耶和華回答說：「你起身下基伊拉去，我必將非利士人交在你手裡。」
2) 大衛禱告說：「耶和華以色列的神啊，你僕人聽真了掃羅要往基伊拉來，為我的緣故滅城。基伊拉人將我交在掃羅手裡不交？掃羅照著你僕人所聽的話下來不下來？耶和華以色列的神啊，求你指示僕人！」耶和華說：「掃羅必下來。」大衛又說：「基伊拉人將我和跟隨我的人交在掃羅手裡不交？」耶和華說：「必交出來。」（撒上 23:10-12）
3) 掃羅的兒子約拿單起身，往那樹林裡去見大衛，使他倚靠神得以堅固，對他說：「不要懼怕！我父掃羅的手必不加害於你；你必作以色列的王，我也作你的宰相。這事我父掃羅知道了。」（撒上 23:16-17）
大衛和掃羅，這兩位先後的以色列王，面對困難的事情，處理的方式不同：求主幫助我們，學習大衛對神，對人的泰度，及他處理事情的方法。
1) 掃羅：自大，不聽從耶和華的話，違背他的命令，不敬畏耶和華，擅自獻燔祭和平安祭，不聽撒母耳的勸誡，掃羅犯了不敬虔的任意妄爲罪（13章）。擅自採取行動：他靠的是人力馬力，不是耶和華。掃羅這種不聽從神和沒信心的表現於日後與亞瑪力人交戰一事（15章），掃羅不知悔改，以致耶和華的離靈開掃羅，最後神終於要棄絕掃羅作以色列的王。掃羅靠自己，靠車，靠馬，隨意發誓或咒詛他人, 不討神的喜悅；耶和華也厭棄他作王。耶和華不與他同在。
2) 大衛：憑堅定的信心。常常來到耶和華面前，謙卑地，求告耶和華。大衛聽從/謹守遵行神的話，盡心、盡智、盡力愛祂，大衛因為有神的同在（撒上18:12），又愛以色列百姓，百姓也深愛他。因著大衛順服，信靠神，不靠自己，耶和華喜悅他，常與他同在，使得大衛做事無不精明，蒙神保守。