全新四年樂活讀經
W3 2012-04-18 (得4)
經文: 路得記 4:12 願耶和華從這少年女子賜你後裔，使你的家像他瑪從猶大所生法勒斯的家一般。
默想: 他瑪是猶大的兒媳婦。他瑪的故事是個當代兄亡弟代倫理文化中的悲劇。他瑪的丈夫珥在耶和華眼中看為惡，因而夭折。猶大要求老二俄南盡為人弟弟的本份，娶守寡的兄掃他瑪為妻，好為其兄珥留存後代。那裡知道俄南只要享受與他瑪的性關係，卻在射精時拔出他瑪體外而射精於地面，以免他瑪懷孕。這種只要享受快樂卻不願意盡責任的投機態度，得罪耶和華，因此他也年輕早逝。猶大眼見連續兩個兒子都在與他瑪的婚姻中英年早逝，不去詳察兩個兒子的惡行，卻請他瑪先回娘家，等他們家老三示拉成年時再說。猶大是企圖使用緩兵之計來把這件事情拖成不了了之就算了。那裡知道他瑪並非省油的燈。他想盡辦法要為去世的丈夫存留後代，甚至採取極端的偽裝與色誘的手段，與公公猶大發生一夜情的溫存，還小心保存自己懷孕來源之證物。終於成功的替猶大族存留了後代，也是大衛王與主耶穌的祖先血脈傳承由來。波阿斯的為人當然比俄南或是猶大更為高尚。波阿斯沒有趁路得自己半夜躺到他腳下送上門時佔路得便宜。波阿斯還禮讓給另一位與拿俄米去世丈夫以利米勒血緣更親的親戚優先承購權。在經過公正公開程序該親戚脫鞋表示棄權之後，波阿斯就將以利米勒田產全部概括承買，並且正式迎娶路得入門，為以利米勒存留後代。這是何等令人敬佩與尊敬的高尚人格。怪不得波阿斯得到伯利恆全城的人的稱讚。
題目: 城中婦女呼喊：「耶和華是應當稱頌的，因為今日沒有撇下你…」眾人見證上主的作為。試問，在我們生活週遭，是否也曾看見上主的作為，因而驚嘆不已，向人見證神的奇妙？(v13-17)
4:1 波阿斯到了城門，坐在那裡，恰巧波阿斯所說的那至近的親屬經過。波阿斯說：「某人哪，你來坐在這裡。」他就來坐下。
And Bo'az went up to the gate and sat down there; and behold, the next of kin, of whom Bo'az had spoken, came by. So Bo'az said, "Turn aside, friend; sit down here"; and he turned aside and sat down.
4:2 波阿斯又從本城的長老中揀選了十人，對他們說：「請你們坐在這裡。」他們就都坐下。
And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said, "Sit down here"; so they sat down.
4:3 波阿斯對那至近的親屬說：「從摩押地回來的拿俄米，現在要賣我們族兄以利米勒的那塊地；
Then he said to the next of kin, "Na'omi, who has come back from the country of Moab, is selling the parcel of land which belonged to our kinsman Elim'elech.
4:4 我想當贖那塊地的是你，其次是我，以外再沒有別人了。你可以在這裡的人面前和我本國的長老面前說明，你若肯贖就贖，若不肯贖就告訴我。」那人回答說：「我肯贖。」
So I thought I would tell you of it, and say, Buy it in the presence of those sitting here, and in the presence of the elders of my people. If you will redeem it, redeem it; but if you will not, tell me, that I may know, for there is no one besides you to redeem it, and I come after you." And he said, "I will redeem it."
4:5 波阿斯說：「你從拿俄米手中買這地的時候，也當娶（原文是買；10節同）死人的妻摩押女子路得，使死人在產業上存留他的名。」
Then Bo'az said, "The day you buy the field from the hand of Na'omi, you are also buying Ruth the Moabitess, the widow of the dead, in order to restore the name of the dead to his inheritance."
4:6 那人說：「這樣我就不能贖了，恐怕於我的產業有礙。你可以贖我所當贖的，我不能贖了。」
Then the next of kin said, "I cannot redeem it for myself, lest I impair my own inheritance. Take my right of redemption yourself, for I cannot redeem it."
4:7 從前，在以色列中要定奪甚麼事，或贖回，或交易，這人就脫鞋給那人。以色列人都以此為證據。
Now this was the custom in former times in Israel concerning redeeming and exchanging: to confirm a transaction, the one drew off his sandal and gave it to the other, and this was the manner of attesting in Israel.
4:8 那人對波阿斯說：「你自己買吧！」於是將鞋脫下來了。
So when the next of kin said to Bo'az, "Buy it for yourself," he drew off his sandal.
4:9 波阿斯對長老和眾民說：「你們今日作見證，凡屬以利米勒和基連、瑪倫的，我都從拿俄米手中置買了；
Then Bo'az said to the elders and all the people, "You are witnesses this day that I have bought from the hand of Na'omi all that belonged to Elim'elech and all that belonged to Chil'ion and to Mahlon.
4:10 又娶了瑪倫的妻摩押女子路得為妻，好在死人的產業上存留他的名，免得他的名在本族本鄉滅沒。你們今日可以作見證。」
Also Ruth the Moabitess, the widow of Mahlon, I have bought to be my wife, to perpetuate the name of the dead in his inheritance, that the name of the dead may not be cut off from among his brethren and from the gate of his native place; you are witnesses this day."
4:11 在城門坐著的眾民和長老都說：「我們作見證。願耶和華使進你家的這女子，像建立以色列家的拉結、利亞二人一樣。又願你在以法他得亨通，在伯利恆得名聲。
Then all the people who were at the gate, and the elders, said, "We are witnesses. May the LORD make the woman, who is coming into your house, like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the house of Israel. May you prosper in Eph'rathah and be renowned in Bethlehem;
4:12 願耶和華從這少年女子賜你後裔，使你的家像她瑪從猶大所生法勒斯的家一般。」
and may your house be like the house of Perez, whom Tamar bore to Judah, because of the children that the LORD will give you by this young woman."
4:13 於是，波阿斯娶了路得為妻，與她同房。耶和華使她懷孕生了一個兒子。
So Bo'az took Ruth and she became his wife; and he went in to her, and the LORD gave her conception, and she bore a son.
4:14 婦人們對拿俄米說：「耶和華是應當稱頌的！因為今日沒有撇下你，使你無至近的親屬。願這孩子在以色列中得名聲。
Then the women said to Na'omi, "Blessed be the LORD, who has not left you this day without next of kin; and may his name be renowned in Israel!
4:15 他必提起你的精神，奉養你的老，因為是愛慕你的那兒婦所生的。有這兒婦比有七個兒子還好！」
He shall be to you a restorer of life and a nourisher of your old age; for your daughter-in-law who loves you, who is more to you than seven sons, has borne him."
4:16 拿俄米就把孩子抱在懷中，作他的養母。
Then Na'omi took the child and laid him in her bosom, and became his nurse.
4:17 鄰舍的婦人說：「拿俄米得孩子了！」就給孩子起名叫俄備得。這俄備得是耶西的父，耶西是大衛的父。
And the women of the neighborhood gave him a name, saying, "A son has been born to Na'omi." They named him Obed; he was the father of Jesse, the father of David.
4:18 法勒斯的後代記在下面：法勒斯生希斯崙；
Now these are the descendants of Perez: Perez was the father of Hezron,
4:19 希斯崙生蘭；蘭生亞米拿達；
Hezron of Ram, Ram of Ammin'adab,
4:20 亞米拿達生拿順；拿順生撒門；
Ammin'adab of Nahshon, Nahshon of Salmon,
4:21 撒門生波阿斯；波阿斯生俄備得；
Salmon of Bo'az, Bo'az of Obed,
4:22 俄備得生耶西；耶西生大衛。
Obed of Jesse, and Jesse of David.
And Bo'az went up to the gate and sat down there; and behold, the next of kin, of whom Bo'az had spoken, came by. So Bo'az said, "Turn aside, friend; sit down here"; and he turned aside and sat down.
4:2 波阿斯又從本城的長老中揀選了十人，對他們說：「請你們坐在這裡。」他們就都坐下。
And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said, "Sit down here"; so they sat down.
4:3 波阿斯對那至近的親屬說：「從摩押地回來的拿俄米，現在要賣我們族兄以利米勒的那塊地；
Then he said to the next of kin, "Na'omi, who has come back from the country of Moab, is selling the parcel of land which belonged to our kinsman Elim'elech.
4:4 我想當贖那塊地的是你，其次是我，以外再沒有別人了。你可以在這裡的人面前和我本國的長老面前說明，你若肯贖就贖，若不肯贖就告訴我。」那人回答說：「我肯贖。」
So I thought I would tell you of it, and say, Buy it in the presence of those sitting here, and in the presence of the elders of my people. If you will redeem it, redeem it; but if you will not, tell me, that I may know, for there is no one besides you to redeem it, and I come after you." And he said, "I will redeem it."
4:5 波阿斯說：「你從拿俄米手中買這地的時候，也當娶（原文是買；10節同）死人的妻摩押女子路得，使死人在產業上存留他的名。」
Then Bo'az said, "The day you buy the field from the hand of Na'omi, you are also buying Ruth the Moabitess, the widow of the dead, in order to restore the name of the dead to his inheritance."
4:6 那人說：「這樣我就不能贖了，恐怕於我的產業有礙。你可以贖我所當贖的，我不能贖了。」
Then the next of kin said, "I cannot redeem it for myself, lest I impair my own inheritance. Take my right of redemption yourself, for I cannot redeem it."
4:7 從前，在以色列中要定奪甚麼事，或贖回，或交易，這人就脫鞋給那人。以色列人都以此為證據。
Now this was the custom in former times in Israel concerning redeeming and exchanging: to confirm a transaction, the one drew off his sandal and gave it to the other, and this was the manner of attesting in Israel.
4:8 那人對波阿斯說：「你自己買吧！」於是將鞋脫下來了。
So when the next of kin said to Bo'az, "Buy it for yourself," he drew off his sandal.
4:9 波阿斯對長老和眾民說：「你們今日作見證，凡屬以利米勒和基連、瑪倫的，我都從拿俄米手中置買了；
Then Bo'az said to the elders and all the people, "You are witnesses this day that I have bought from the hand of Na'omi all that belonged to Elim'elech and all that belonged to Chil'ion and to Mahlon.
4:10 又娶了瑪倫的妻摩押女子路得為妻，好在死人的產業上存留他的名，免得他的名在本族本鄉滅沒。你們今日可以作見證。」
Also Ruth the Moabitess, the widow of Mahlon, I have bought to be my wife, to perpetuate the name of the dead in his inheritance, that the name of the dead may not be cut off from among his brethren and from the gate of his native place; you are witnesses this day."
4:11 在城門坐著的眾民和長老都說：「我們作見證。願耶和華使進你家的這女子，像建立以色列家的拉結、利亞二人一樣。又願你在以法他得亨通，在伯利恆得名聲。
Then all the people who were at the gate, and the elders, said, "We are witnesses. May the LORD make the woman, who is coming into your house, like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the house of Israel. May you prosper in Eph'rathah and be renowned in Bethlehem;
4:12 願耶和華從這少年女子賜你後裔，使你的家像她瑪從猶大所生法勒斯的家一般。」
and may your house be like the house of Perez, whom Tamar bore to Judah, because of the children that the LORD will give you by this young woman."
4:13 於是，波阿斯娶了路得為妻，與她同房。耶和華使她懷孕生了一個兒子。
So Bo'az took Ruth and she became his wife; and he went in to her, and the LORD gave her conception, and she bore a son.
4:14 婦人們對拿俄米說：「耶和華是應當稱頌的！因為今日沒有撇下你，使你無至近的親屬。願這孩子在以色列中得名聲。
Then the women said to Na'omi, "Blessed be the LORD, who has not left you this day without next of kin; and may his name be renowned in Israel!
4:15 他必提起你的精神，奉養你的老，因為是愛慕你的那兒婦所生的。有這兒婦比有七個兒子還好！」
He shall be to you a restorer of life and a nourisher of your old age; for your daughter-in-law who loves you, who is more to you than seven sons, has borne him."
4:16 拿俄米就把孩子抱在懷中，作他的養母。
Then Na'omi took the child and laid him in her bosom, and became his nurse.
4:17 鄰舍的婦人說：「拿俄米得孩子了！」就給孩子起名叫俄備得。這俄備得是耶西的父，耶西是大衛的父。
And the women of the neighborhood gave him a name, saying, "A son has been born to Na'omi." They named him Obed; he was the father of Jesse, the father of David.
4:18 法勒斯的後代記在下面：法勒斯生希斯崙；
Now these are the descendants of Perez: Perez was the father of Hezron,
4:19 希斯崙生蘭；蘭生亞米拿達；
Hezron of Ram, Ram of Ammin'adab,
4:20 亞米拿達生拿順；拿順生撒門；
Ammin'adab of Nahshon, Nahshon of Salmon,
4:21 撒門生波阿斯；波阿斯生俄備得；
Salmon of Bo'az, Bo'az of Obed,
4:22 俄備得生耶西；耶西生大衛。
Obed of Jesse, and Jesse of David.
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婦人們對拿俄米說：「耶和華是應當稱頌的！因為今日沒有撇下你，使你無至近的親屬（without a redeemer / guardian）。願這孩子在以色列中得名聲。他必提起你的精神 （restorer of life/ encourage you），奉養你的老 （his caregiver）， 因為是愛慕你的那兒婦所生的。有這兒婦比有七個兒子還好！」鄰舍的婦人說：「拿俄米得孩子了！」就給孩子起名叫俄備得 ("Obed" means "one who serves,"）。這俄備得是耶西的父，耶西是大衛的父。（路得記 4:14－17）
回覆刪除可能婦人所指的只是波阿斯──他表現出至親屬的行為，負起『贖回者』的責任。但他們肯定已提及俄備得(Obed) 將怎樣奉養拿俄米的老年，成為拿俄米的『贖回者』(redeemer)，正是路得記4:15節所指的『提起你的精神，奉養你的老。』俄備得，他要做拿俄米生命的恢復者 (restorer of life）』。俄備得，也是那愛慕拿俄米的媳婦，路得所生的。可見愛的結果是多麼的豐盛。
求主幫助我們，在我們的生活上，學習以路得對拿俄米的愛，來向著主，像俄備得對拿俄米一樣，專心來服事主，與主完全聯合，每天與祂同行。因祂復活的生命，我們在日常生活中，也能結出豐盛的果實來，叫我們週遭的朋友，看見上帝奇妙的作為，見證我們生命的改變，而能認識真神，尊重祂，歸榮耀給祂。