全新四年樂活讀經
W4 2011-12-01 (申29)
經文: 申命記 29:1 這是耶和華在摩押地吩咐摩西與以色列人立約的話，是在他和他們於何烈山所立的約之外。
默想: 何烈山與摩押地，這是耶和華與以色列人立下盟誓之約的兩個地方。耶和華在何烈山上親自降臨，在山上有雷轟、閃電，和密雲，並且角聲甚大，營中的百姓盡都發顫。(出19:16) 眾百姓都害怕，拜託摩西代表他們上山去與耶和華立下盟誓。但是摩西還在何烈山上等候耶和華所要頒布的十戒，以色列人已經在山下要求亞倫為他們鑄造金牛犢來膜拜。以色列人在曠野親自體驗到耶和華的保守與供應，卻是一而再、再而三的對摩西與亞倫抱怨、叛逆、妄求。最後連摩西亞倫也不幸發生沒有遵耶和華為聖的態度，惹耶和華生氣，因此，耶和華就決定不要讓所有出埃及走曠野，親自體驗耶和華的恩典的世代進入迦南美地，而是讓約書亞帶領在曠野中出生的第二代以色列人得以進入迦南應許地。耶和華為了要讓這第二代以色列人，不會成為第二手資訊的神的選民 (second hand chosen people of God)，吩咐摩西將第二代以色列人集合在約但河東岸的摩押平原。在這裡沒有耶和華親自降臨的轟轟烈烈，只有神僕摩西的娓娓道來。所有以色列人在親耳聽見摩西再度將盟誓宣告時 (申命記的英文是Deuteronomy，就是重申誡命的意思)，他們親自與耶和華立下這個盟誓。感謝神，你在我們失信時，仍是可信的。你常常願意賞賜給我們第二次的機會。求主保守我，會珍惜神所賞賜如此大的恩典。
題目: 16-28節中，第19節說：「聽見這咒詛的話，心裡仍是自誇說：我雖然行事心裡頑梗，連累眾人，卻還是平安。」，對於這樣的論調，你有何看法與回應？
These are the words of the covenant which the LORD commanded Moses to make with the people of Israel in the land of Moab, besides the covenant which he had made with them at Horeb.
29:2 摩西召了以色列眾人來，對他們說：「耶和華在埃及地，在你們眼前向法老和他眾臣僕，並他全地所行的一切事，你們都看見了，
And Moses summoned all Israel and said to them: "You have seen all that the LORD did before your eyes in the land of Egypt, to Pharaoh and to all his servants and to all his land,
29:3 就是你親眼看見的大試驗和神蹟，並那些大奇事。
the great trials which your eyes saw, the signs, and those great wonders;
29:4 但耶和華到今日沒有使你們心能明白，眼能看見，耳能聽見。
but to this day the LORD has not given you a mind to understand, or eyes to see, or ears to hear.
29:5 我領你們在曠野四十年，你們身上的衣服並沒有穿破，腳上的鞋也沒有穿壞。
I have led you forty years in the wilderness; your clothes have not worn out upon you, and your sandals have not worn off your feet;
29:6 你們沒有吃餅，也沒有喝清酒濃酒。這要使你們知道，耶和華是你們的 神。
you have not eaten bread, and you have not drunk wine or strong drink; that you may know that I am the LORD your God.
29:7 你們來到這地方，希實本王西宏、巴珊王噩都出來與我們交戰，我們就擊殺了他們，
And when you came to this place, Sihon the king of Heshbon and Og the king of Bashan came out against us to battle, but we defeated them;
29:8 取了他們的地給流便支派、迦得支派，和瑪拿西半支派為業。
we took their land, and gave it for an inheritance to the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of the Manas'sites.
29:9 所以你們要謹守遵行這約的話，好叫你們在一切所行的事上亨通。
Therefore be careful to do the words of this covenant, that you may prosper in all that you do.
29:10 「今日，你們的首領、族長（原文作支派）、長老、官長、以色列的男丁，你們的妻子兒女，和營中寄居的，以及為你們劈柴挑水的人，都站在耶和華─你們的 神面前，
"You stand this day all of you before the LORD your God; the heads of your tribes, your elders, and your officers, all the men of Israel,
29:11 併於上節
your little ones, your wives, and the sojourner who is in your camp, both he who hews your wood and he who draws your water,
29:12 為要你順從耶和華─你 神今日與你所立的約，向你所起的誓。
that you may enter into the sworn covenant of the LORD your God, which the LORD your God makes with you this day;
29:13 這樣，他要照他向你所應許的話，又向你列祖亞伯拉罕、以撒、雅各所起的誓，今日立你作他的子民，他作你的 神。
that he may establish you this day as his people, and that he may be your God, as he promised you, and as he swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.
29:14 我不但與你們立這約，起這誓，
Nor is it with you only that I make this sworn covenant,
29:15 凡與我們一同站在耶和華─我們 神面前的，並今日不在我們這裡的人，我也與他們立這約，起這誓。
but with him who is not here with us this day as well as with him who stands here with us this day before the LORD our God.
29:16 「我們曾住過埃及地，也從列國經過；這是你們知道的。
"You know how we dwelt in the land of Egypt, and how we came through the midst of the nations through which you passed;
29:17 你們也看見他們中間可憎之物，並他們木、石、金、銀的偶像。
and you have seen their detestable things, their idols of wood and stone, of silver and gold, which were among them.
29:18 惟恐你們中間，或男或女，或族長或支派長，今日心裡偏離耶和華─我們的 神，去事奉那些國的 神；又怕你們中間有惡根生出苦菜和茵蔯來，
Beware lest there be among you a man or woman or family or tribe, whose heart turns away this day from the LORD our God to go and serve the gods of those nations; lest there be among you a root bearing poisonous and bitter fruit,
29:19 聽見這咒詛的話，心裡仍是自誇說：『我雖然行事心裡頑梗，連累眾人，卻還是平安。』
one who, when he hears the words of this sworn covenant, blesses himself in his heart, saying, `I shall be safe, though I walk in the stubbornness of my heart.' This would lead to the sweeping away of moist and dry alike.
29:20 耶和華必不饒恕他；耶和華的怒氣與憤恨要向他發作，如煙冒出，將這書上所寫的一切咒詛都加在他身上。耶和華又要從天下塗抹他的名，
The LORD would not pardon him, but rather the anger of the LORD and his jealousy would smoke against that man, and the curses written in this book would settle upon him, and the LORD would blot out his name from under heaven.
29:21 也必照著寫在律法書上、約中的一切咒詛將他從以色列眾支派中分別出來，使他受禍。
And the LORD would single him out from all the tribes of Israel for calamity, in accordance with all the curses of the covenant written in this book of the law.
29:22 你們的後代，就是以後興起來的子孫，和遠方來的外人，看見這地的災殃，並耶和華所降與這地的疾病，
And the generation to come, your children who rise up after you, and the foreigner who comes from a far land, would say, when they see the afflictions of that land and the sicknesses with which the LORD has made it sick --
29:23 又看見遍地有硫磺，有鹽鹵，有火跡，沒有耕種，沒有出產，連草都不生長─好像耶和華在忿怒中所傾覆的所多瑪、蛾摩拉、押瑪、洗扁一樣─
the whole land brimstone and salt, and a burnt-out waste, unsown, and growing nothing, where no grass can sprout, an overthrow like that of Sodom and Gomor'rah, Admah and Zeboi'im, which the LORD overthrew in his anger and wrath --
29:24 所看見的人，連萬國人，都必問說：『耶和華為何向此地這樣行呢？這樣大發烈怒是甚麼意思呢？』
yea, all the nations would say, `Why has the LORD done thus to this land? What means the heat of this great anger?'
29:25 人必回答說：『是因這地的人離棄了耶和華─他們列祖的 神，領他們出埃及地的時候與他們所立的約，
Then men would say, `It is because they forsook the covenant of the LORD, the God of their fathers, which he made with them when he brought them out of the land of Egypt,
29:26 去事奉敬拜素不認識的別神，是耶和華所未曾給他們安排的。
and went and served other gods and worshiped them, gods whom they had not known and whom he had not allotted to them;
29:27 所以耶和華的怒氣向這地發作，將這書上所寫的一切咒詛都降在這地上。
therefore the anger of the LORD was kindled against this land, bringing upon it all the curses written in this book;
29:28 耶和華在怒氣、忿怒、大惱恨中將他們從本地拔出來，扔在別的地上，像今日一樣。』
and the LORD uprooted them from their land in anger and fury and great wrath, and cast them into another land, as at this day.'
29:29 「隱祕的事是屬耶和華─我們 神的；惟有明顯的事是永遠屬我們和我們子孫的，好叫我們遵行這律法上的一切話。」
"The secret things belong to the LORD our God; but the things that are revealed belong to us and to our children for ever, that we may do all the words of this law.
今日心得上傳及閱讀請到
1. 蔡茂堂牧師blog: http://hopingtsaidevotion.blogspot.com/
2. 李晶晶牧師blog: http://taipeihoping-chin.blogspot.com/
蔡茂堂牧師創世記查經班歷年錄音檔案:
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上帝再次『在摩押地，吩咐摩西與以色列人立約』（申命記 29: l節）。立約的內容仍舊是當日在西乃山所作過的，但是話語卻是重在勸勉他們要遵守上帝的律法，不偏離上帝的心意。摩西強調以色列人,個人（成員）和整個西乃之約的社群（covenant community）之間的相互關係。這是整個社群/群體（community）與上帝 在『西乃之約』裡，是結合在一起的，若遵守上帝的律法，不偏離上帝的心意，將獲得上帝的祝福，得那應許之地。否則，約所帶出來的結果是咒詛。然而，這是整個社群/群體（community）的觀念，和個人息息相關。
回覆刪除對『西乃之約』的承諾（Commitment），完全看整個社群的承諾與誠信。這個整個社群的承諾與誠信，依賴於每一個人的承諾與誠信。每個人對整個社群的責任是很重要的。正如申命記 29:18節 所述：『惟恐你們中間，或男或女，或族長或支派長，今日心裡偏離耶和華我們的上帝，去事奉那些國的神；又怕你們中間有惡根生出苦菜和茵蔯來』。就好像一個苦菜根，本來就是苦苦的，後來越長越大，長出更苦的苦菜和更有毒的苦果（wormwood），影響整個菜園一樣。.這個惡根,就是那些少數拜偶像，事奉別國的上帝的人，不再遵守以前他們的族先和耶和華所定的約。所帶來苦毒的結果，就是上帝的咒詛。
在這裡，我們看見一名男子聽到這個誓言的話後，自己堅持、故意地、追求朝『罪惡』的道路追求的結果。這裡中文翻譯『連累眾人』NET This will destroy the watered ground with the parched； 其中רָוֶה [raveh /raw•veh/] adj；（“watered” and “drunkenness” ）。這是從宏觀的角度，來看整個約的群體，用比喻的用法來說明：若其中一個以色列人悔約，行事乖常，不正不義，沾沾自喜，不僅會傷害他自己，更會使的整個以色列族受到嚴厲的懲罰，這種違約枉法的事，必使他人受害，連累眾人。
對我的提醒： 求主幫助我們，讓我們銘記上帝與我們所立的約，竭力持守上帝所囑咐的命令，以身以心活在上帝的大愛當中，成為他人羨慕的對象，而非受嘲笑的群體。活在愛中是何等有福啊，求每天保守我的心懷意念，攔阻我偏離的道路。