全新四年樂活讀經
W5 2011-10-14 (民35)
經文: 民數記 35:25-30 會眾要救這誤殺人的脫離報血仇人的手，也要使他歸入逃城。他要住在其中，直等到受聖膏的大祭司死了。但誤殺人的，無論什麼時候，若出了逃城的境外，報血仇的在逃城境外遇見他，將他殺了，報血仇的就沒有流血之罪。因為誤殺人的該住在逃城裡，等到大祭司死了。大祭司死了以後，誤殺人的才可以回到他所得為業之地。這在你們一切的住處，要作你們世世代代的律例典章。無論誰故殺人，要憑幾個見證人的口把那故殺人的殺了，只是不可憑一個見證的口叫人死。
默想: 這段經文讓我們看見，十戒中的第六戒：不可殺人 (出20:13) 在實際執行上，必須要從殺人者的動機加以區分，是謀殺或誤殺。謀殺者唯一死刑，不得收贖價。誤殺者則須要處有期徒刑，被限制居住與行動自由，在逃城之中，一直到現任大祭司死亡為止。至於是謀殺或誤殺的判斷，則須要經過兩個以上見證人的審判程序公義 (procedural justice) 才能定案。逃城是保護，也是約束。求主幫助我，願意常常隱藏自己在主耶穌基督裡面。
題目: 9-29節記載設立「逃城」，你有何看法？
35:1 耶和華在摩押平原─約旦河邊、耶利哥對面曉諭摩西說：
The LORD said to Moses in the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho,
35:2 「你吩咐以色列人，要從所得為業的地中把些城給利未人居住，也要把這城四圍的郊野給利未人。
"Command the people of Israel, that they give to the Levites, from the inheritance of their possession, cities to dwell in; and you shall give to the Levites pasture lands round about the cities.
35:3 這城邑要歸他們居住，城邑的郊野可以牧養他們的牛羊和各樣的牲畜，又可以安置他們的財物。
The cities shall be theirs to dwell in, and their pasture lands shall be for their cattle and for their livestock and for all their beasts.
35:4 你們給利未人的郊野，要從城根起，四圍往外量一千肘。
The pasture lands of the cities, which you shall give to the Levites, shall reach from the wall of the city outward a thousand cubits all round.
35:5 另外東量二千肘，南量二千肘，西量二千肘，北量二千肘，為邊界，城在當中；這要歸他們作城邑的郊野。
And you shall measure, outside the city, for the east side two thousand cubits, and for the south side two thousand cubits, and for the west side two thousand cubits, and for the north side two thousand cubits, the city being in the middle; this shall belong to them as pasture land for their cities.
35:6 你們給利未人的城邑，其中當有六座逃城，使誤殺人的可以逃到那裡。此外還要給他們四十二座城。
The cities which you give to the Levites shall be the six cities of refuge, where you shall permit the manslayer to flee, and in addition to them you shall give forty-two cities.
35:7 你們要給利未人的城，共有四十八座，連城帶郊野都要給他們。
All the cities which you give to the Levites shall be forty-eight, with their pasture lands.
35:8 以色列人所得的地業從中要把些城邑給利未人；人多的就多給，人少的就少給；各支派要按所承受為業之地把城邑給利未人。」
And as for the cities which you shall give from the possession of the people of Israel, from the larger tribes you shall take many, and from the smaller tribes you shall take few; each, in proportion to the inheritance which it inherits, shall give of its cities to the Levites."
35:9 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses,
35:10 「你吩咐以色列人說：你們過約旦河，進了迦南地，
"Say to the people of Israel, When you cross the Jordan into the land of Canaan,
35:11 就要分出幾座城，為你們作逃城，使誤殺人的可以逃到那裡。
then you shall select cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer who kills any person without intent may flee there.
35:12 這些城可以作逃避報仇人的城，使誤殺人的不至於死，等他站在會眾面前聽審判。
The cities shall be for you a refuge from the avenger, that the manslayer may not die until he stands before the congregation for judgment.
35:13 你們所分出來的城，要作六座逃城。
And the cities which you give shall be your six cities of refuge.
35:14 在約旦河東要分出三座城，在迦南地也要分出三座城，都作逃城。
You shall give three cities beyond the Jordan, and three cities in the land of Canaan, to be cities of refuge.
35:15 這六座城要給以色列人和他們中間的外人，並寄居的，作為逃城，使誤殺人的都可以逃到那裡。
These six cities shall be for refuge for the people of Israel, and for the stranger and for the sojourner among them, that any one who kills any person without intent may flee there.
35:16 「倘若人用鐵器打人，以致打死，他就是故殺人的；故殺人的必被治死。
"But if he struck him down with an instrument of iron, so that he died, he is a murderer; the murderer shall be put to death.
35:17 若用可以打死人的石頭打死了人，他就是故殺人的；故殺人的必被治死。
And if he struck him down with a stone in the hand, by which a man may die, and he died, he is a murderer; the murderer shall be put to death.
35:18 若用可以打死人的木器打死了人，他就是故殺人的；故殺人的必被治死。
Or if he struck him down with a weapon of wood in the hand, by which a man may die, and he died, he is a murderer; the murderer shall be put to death.
35:19 報血仇的必親自殺那故殺人的，一遇見就殺他。
The avenger of blood shall himself put the murderer to death; when he meets him, he shall put him to death.
35:20 人若因怨恨把人推倒，或是埋伏往人身上扔物，以致於死，
And if he stabbed him from hatred, or hurled at him, lying in wait, so that he died,
35:21 或是因仇恨用手打人，以致於死，那打人的必被治死。他是故殺人的；報血仇的一遇見就殺他。
or in enmity struck him down with his hand, so that he died, then he who struck the blow shall be put to death; he is a murderer; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death, when he meets him.
35:22 「倘若人沒有仇恨，忽然將人推倒，或是沒有埋伏把物扔在人身上，
"But if he stabbed him suddenly without enmity, or hurled anything on him without lying in wait,
35:23 或是沒有看見的時候用可以打死人的石頭扔在人身上，以致於死，本來與他無仇，也無意害他。
or used a stone, by which a man may die, and without seeing him cast it upon him, so that he died, though he was not his enemy, and did not seek his harm;
35:24 會眾就要照典章，在打死人的和報血仇的中間審判。
then the congregation shall judge between the manslayer and the avenger of blood, in accordance with these ordinances;
35:25 會眾要救這誤殺人的脫離報血仇人的手，也要使他歸入逃城。他要住在其中，直等到受聖膏的大祭司死了。
and the congregation shall rescue the manslayer from the hand of the avenger of blood, and the congregation shall restore him to his city of refuge, to which he had fled, and he shall live in it until the death of the high priest who was anointed with the holy oil.
35:26 但誤殺人的，無論甚麼時候，若出了逃城的境外，
But if the manslayer shall at any time go beyond the bounds of his city of refuge to which he fled,
35:27 報血仇的在逃城境外遇見他，將他殺了，報血仇的就沒有流血之罪。
and the avenger of blood finds him outside the bounds of his city of refuge, and the avenger of blood slays the manslayer, he shall not be guilty of blood.
35:28 因為誤殺人的該住在逃城裡，等到大祭司死了。大祭司死了以後，誤殺人的才可以回到他所得為業之地。
For the man must remain in his city of refuge until the death of the high priest; but after the death of the high priest the manslayer may return to the land of his possession.
35:29 這在你們一切的住處，要作你們世世代代的律例典章。
"And these things shall be for a statute and ordinance to you throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
35:30 「無論誰故殺人，要憑幾個見證人的口把那故殺人的殺了，只是不可憑一個見證的口叫人死。
If any one kills a person, the murderer shall be put to death on the evidence of witnesses; but no person shall be put to death on the testimony of one witness.
35:31 故殺人、犯死罪的，你們不可收贖價代替他的命；他必被治死。
Moreover you shall accept no ransom for the life of a murderer, who is guilty of death; but he shall be put to death.
35:32 那逃到逃城的人，你們不可為他收贖價，使他在大祭司未死以先再來住在本地。
And you shall accept no ransom for him who has fled to his city of refuge, that he may return to dwell in the land before the death of the high priest.
35:33 這樣，你們就不污穢所住之地，因為血是污穢地的；若有在地上流人血的，非流那殺人者的血，那地就不得潔淨（潔淨原文作贖）。
You shall not thus pollute the land in which you live; for blood pollutes the land, and no expiation can be made for the land, for the blood that is shed in it, except by the blood of him who shed it.
35:34 你們不可玷污所住之地，就是我住在其中之地，因為我─耶和華住在以色列人中間。」
You shall not defile the land in which you live, in the midst of which I dwell; for I the LORD dwell in the midst of the people of Israel."
The LORD said to Moses in the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho,
35:2 「你吩咐以色列人，要從所得為業的地中把些城給利未人居住，也要把這城四圍的郊野給利未人。
"Command the people of Israel, that they give to the Levites, from the inheritance of their possession, cities to dwell in; and you shall give to the Levites pasture lands round about the cities.
35:3 這城邑要歸他們居住，城邑的郊野可以牧養他們的牛羊和各樣的牲畜，又可以安置他們的財物。
The cities shall be theirs to dwell in, and their pasture lands shall be for their cattle and for their livestock and for all their beasts.
35:4 你們給利未人的郊野，要從城根起，四圍往外量一千肘。
The pasture lands of the cities, which you shall give to the Levites, shall reach from the wall of the city outward a thousand cubits all round.
35:5 另外東量二千肘，南量二千肘，西量二千肘，北量二千肘，為邊界，城在當中；這要歸他們作城邑的郊野。
And you shall measure, outside the city, for the east side two thousand cubits, and for the south side two thousand cubits, and for the west side two thousand cubits, and for the north side two thousand cubits, the city being in the middle; this shall belong to them as pasture land for their cities.
35:6 你們給利未人的城邑，其中當有六座逃城，使誤殺人的可以逃到那裡。此外還要給他們四十二座城。
The cities which you give to the Levites shall be the six cities of refuge, where you shall permit the manslayer to flee, and in addition to them you shall give forty-two cities.
35:7 你們要給利未人的城，共有四十八座，連城帶郊野都要給他們。
All the cities which you give to the Levites shall be forty-eight, with their pasture lands.
35:8 以色列人所得的地業從中要把些城邑給利未人；人多的就多給，人少的就少給；各支派要按所承受為業之地把城邑給利未人。」
And as for the cities which you shall give from the possession of the people of Israel, from the larger tribes you shall take many, and from the smaller tribes you shall take few; each, in proportion to the inheritance which it inherits, shall give of its cities to the Levites."
35:9 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses,
35:10 「你吩咐以色列人說：你們過約旦河，進了迦南地，
"Say to the people of Israel, When you cross the Jordan into the land of Canaan,
35:11 就要分出幾座城，為你們作逃城，使誤殺人的可以逃到那裡。
then you shall select cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer who kills any person without intent may flee there.
35:12 這些城可以作逃避報仇人的城，使誤殺人的不至於死，等他站在會眾面前聽審判。
The cities shall be for you a refuge from the avenger, that the manslayer may not die until he stands before the congregation for judgment.
35:13 你們所分出來的城，要作六座逃城。
And the cities which you give shall be your six cities of refuge.
35:14 在約旦河東要分出三座城，在迦南地也要分出三座城，都作逃城。
You shall give three cities beyond the Jordan, and three cities in the land of Canaan, to be cities of refuge.
35:15 這六座城要給以色列人和他們中間的外人，並寄居的，作為逃城，使誤殺人的都可以逃到那裡。
These six cities shall be for refuge for the people of Israel, and for the stranger and for the sojourner among them, that any one who kills any person without intent may flee there.
35:16 「倘若人用鐵器打人，以致打死，他就是故殺人的；故殺人的必被治死。
"But if he struck him down with an instrument of iron, so that he died, he is a murderer; the murderer shall be put to death.
35:17 若用可以打死人的石頭打死了人，他就是故殺人的；故殺人的必被治死。
And if he struck him down with a stone in the hand, by which a man may die, and he died, he is a murderer; the murderer shall be put to death.
35:18 若用可以打死人的木器打死了人，他就是故殺人的；故殺人的必被治死。
Or if he struck him down with a weapon of wood in the hand, by which a man may die, and he died, he is a murderer; the murderer shall be put to death.
35:19 報血仇的必親自殺那故殺人的，一遇見就殺他。
The avenger of blood shall himself put the murderer to death; when he meets him, he shall put him to death.
35:20 人若因怨恨把人推倒，或是埋伏往人身上扔物，以致於死，
And if he stabbed him from hatred, or hurled at him, lying in wait, so that he died,
35:21 或是因仇恨用手打人，以致於死，那打人的必被治死。他是故殺人的；報血仇的一遇見就殺他。
or in enmity struck him down with his hand, so that he died, then he who struck the blow shall be put to death; he is a murderer; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death, when he meets him.
35:22 「倘若人沒有仇恨，忽然將人推倒，或是沒有埋伏把物扔在人身上，
"But if he stabbed him suddenly without enmity, or hurled anything on him without lying in wait,
35:23 或是沒有看見的時候用可以打死人的石頭扔在人身上，以致於死，本來與他無仇，也無意害他。
or used a stone, by which a man may die, and without seeing him cast it upon him, so that he died, though he was not his enemy, and did not seek his harm;
35:24 會眾就要照典章，在打死人的和報血仇的中間審判。
then the congregation shall judge between the manslayer and the avenger of blood, in accordance with these ordinances;
35:25 會眾要救這誤殺人的脫離報血仇人的手，也要使他歸入逃城。他要住在其中，直等到受聖膏的大祭司死了。
and the congregation shall rescue the manslayer from the hand of the avenger of blood, and the congregation shall restore him to his city of refuge, to which he had fled, and he shall live in it until the death of the high priest who was anointed with the holy oil.
35:26 但誤殺人的，無論甚麼時候，若出了逃城的境外，
But if the manslayer shall at any time go beyond the bounds of his city of refuge to which he fled,
35:27 報血仇的在逃城境外遇見他，將他殺了，報血仇的就沒有流血之罪。
and the avenger of blood finds him outside the bounds of his city of refuge, and the avenger of blood slays the manslayer, he shall not be guilty of blood.
35:28 因為誤殺人的該住在逃城裡，等到大祭司死了。大祭司死了以後，誤殺人的才可以回到他所得為業之地。
For the man must remain in his city of refuge until the death of the high priest; but after the death of the high priest the manslayer may return to the land of his possession.
35:29 這在你們一切的住處，要作你們世世代代的律例典章。
"And these things shall be for a statute and ordinance to you throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
35:30 「無論誰故殺人，要憑幾個見證人的口把那故殺人的殺了，只是不可憑一個見證的口叫人死。
If any one kills a person, the murderer shall be put to death on the evidence of witnesses; but no person shall be put to death on the testimony of one witness.
35:31 故殺人、犯死罪的，你們不可收贖價代替他的命；他必被治死。
Moreover you shall accept no ransom for the life of a murderer, who is guilty of death; but he shall be put to death.
35:32 那逃到逃城的人，你們不可為他收贖價，使他在大祭司未死以先再來住在本地。
And you shall accept no ransom for him who has fled to his city of refuge, that he may return to dwell in the land before the death of the high priest.
35:33 這樣，你們就不污穢所住之地，因為血是污穢地的；若有在地上流人血的，非流那殺人者的血，那地就不得潔淨（潔淨原文作贖）。
You shall not thus pollute the land in which you live; for blood pollutes the land, and no expiation can be made for the land, for the blood that is shed in it, except by the blood of him who shed it.
35:34 你們不可玷污所住之地，就是我住在其中之地，因為我─耶和華住在以色列人中間。」
You shall not defile the land in which you live, in the midst of which I dwell; for I the LORD dwell in the midst of the people of Israel."
今日心得上傳及閱讀請到
1. 蔡茂堂牧師blog: http://hopingtsaidevotion.blogspot.com/
2. 李晶晶牧師blog: http://taipeihoping-chin.blogspot.com/
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耶和華設立逃城所表明的意義：
回覆刪除1) 上帝使利未人成爲百姓的祝福，最明顯的就是作了逃城的安排。耶和華住在以色列人中間,要求各支派按所承受爲業之地，把共四十八座城邑，其中有六座逃城給利未人（民35：1-8 節），使誤殺人的可以逃到那裏。
2) 這表明上帝住在以色列人中間（民35：34），且給百姓帶進恩典——是恩典之城（民35：6節）。逃城是給誤犯殺人罪的人得蔭庇的地方，也作了上帝給人救恩的預表，不管是當時的蔭庇，或是作以後要來的事的預表，都顯明是恩典的事實（6節）。
3) 因著上帝的慈愛，上帝親自設立的「逃城」的目的：使誤殺人的不至于死（民35：11，12節）。
4) 每一座城與城的距離都不太遠，大約是三十里，所要進逃城的人並不要花太多的力氣，就可以得到保護（14節），這也說出人要得著救恩是不困難的，只要他知道自己有需要，而又肯去要，他一定能得到的。上帝不在別的地方設立逃城，只在利未人所住之地設立逃城，讓利未人的居所成了人得保存的地方。因爲上帝實在是記念人的需要，也要給人解決需要。
5) 因著上帝的恩典，逃城是避難所，但上帝是公義的。對故意殺人者，不能顧惜（民35：16-21節。
6) 上帝爲祂所愛的民預備避難所、保障，在一段日子後，他們將要回到那長久失去的居所，就是耶和華賜給祂朋友亞伯拉罕爲永業的地。
對於爲罪痛悔的人：上帝給他同情與憐憫，爲他預備得赦免的恩典，上帝不會拒絕爲罪痛悔的人。「神阿，憂傷痛悔的心，禰必不輕看。」（詩51：17節）所以神吩咐說， 「會衆要救這誤殺人的脫離報血仇人的手，也要使他歸入逃城。」； 求主幫助我們，趕快逃離我們老我敗壞、罪惡的生命吧！不要耽延！祂正站著，打開膀臂和慈愛的心，要按祂心底的大愛並祂名及犧牲的完美功效，接納我們、保護我們、拯救我們、給我們福分。願聖靈 上帝藉祂無阻的大能，引領我們現今前來就祂。愛世人的主、牧主說道：『凡勞苦擔重擔的人可以到我這裏來，我就使你們得安息。』（太11：28節，何等寶貴的話！願這話帶著屬 神的能力，進入那疲乏的心靈！