2011年10月10日 星期一

W1 2011-10-10 (民31)經文: 民數記 31:2 你要在米甸人身上報以色列人的仇,後來要歸到你列祖(原文作本民)那裡。


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W1  2011-10-10 (民31)
 
經文: 民數記 31:2 你要在米甸人身上報以色列人的仇,後來要歸到你列祖(原文作本民)那裡。

默想: 這是摩西一生帶領以色列人出埃及、過紅海、浪跡曠野四十載,將要離開世界歸到列祖前最後一場戰役。這一場戰役是要申張報復性公義 (retributive justice) 的戰爭。主要目的是要報復米甸婦女在先知巴蘭計謀之下,色誘以色列人去敬拜偶像與淫亂的事件。但是在報復戰爭之中,摩西卻許可以色列人,留下尚未出嫁的米甸女孩子。這表示當時認為,男孩子長大之後,可能會報復以色列人這次滅族的殺戮戰爭。未婚女孩則長大後會下嫁以色列人,而沒有這個威脅。到了新約,主耶穌主張,用復和性公義 (restorative justice) 來超越報復性公義。這是要解決人類族群之間冤冤相報、永無寧日的出路。但是,在宇宙主宰上帝那裡,在宇宙終結時刻,白
色大寶座前之最後審判,我們看到的是報復性公義還是最後審判之原則。(參閱啟20:11-15)

題目: 第三十一章記載米甸人被滅絕,以色列人殺盡米甸人的男姓及已嫁的女子。對這件事情你有何看法?
31:1 耶和華吩咐摩西說:
The LORD said to Moses,
31:2
「你要在米甸人身上報以色列人的仇,後來要歸到你列祖(原文作本民)那裡。」
"Avenge the people of Israel on the Mid'ianites; afterward you shall be gathered to your people."
31:3
摩西吩咐百姓說:「要從你們中間叫人帶兵器出去攻擊米甸,好在米甸人身上為耶和華報仇。
And Moses said to the people, "Arm men from among you for the war, that they may go against Mid'ian, to execute the LORD's vengeance on Mid'ian.
31:4
從以色列眾支派中,每支派要打發一千人去打仗。」
You shall send a thousand from each of the tribes of Israel to the war."
31:5
於是從以色列千萬人中,每支派交出一千人,共一萬二千人,帶著兵器預備打仗。
So there were provided, out of the thousands of Israel, a thousand from each tribe, twelve thousand armed for war.
31:6
摩西就打發每支派的一千人去打仗,並打發祭司以利亞撒的兒子非尼哈同去;非尼哈手裡拿著聖所的器皿和吹大聲的號筒。
And Moses sent them to the war, a thousand from each tribe, together with Phin'ehas the son of Elea'zar the priest, with the vessels of the sanctuary and the trumpets for the alarm in his hand.
31:7
他們就照耶和華所吩咐摩西的,與米甸人打仗,殺了所有的男丁。
They warred against Mid'ian, as the LORD commanded Moses, and slew every male.
31:8
在所殺的人中,殺了米甸的五王,就是以未、利金、蘇珥、戶珥、利巴,又用刀殺了比珥的兒子巴蘭。
They slew the kings of Mid'ian with the rest of their slain, Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba, the five kings of Mid'ian; and they also slew Balaam the son of Be'or with the sword.
31:9
以色列人擄了米甸人的婦女孩子,並將他們的牲畜、羊群,和所有的財物都奪了來,當作擄物,
And the people of Israel took captive the women of Mid'ian and their little ones; and they took as booty all their cattle, their flocks, and all their goods.
31:10
又用火焚燒他們所住的城邑和所有的營寨,
All their cities in the places where they dwelt, and all their encampments, they burned with fire,
31:11
把一切所奪的、所擄的,連人帶牲畜都帶了去,
and took all the spoil and all the booty, both of man and of beast.
31:12
將所擄的人,所奪的牲畜、財物,都帶到摩押平原,在約旦河邊與耶利哥相對的營盤,交給摩西和祭司以利亞撒,並以色列的會眾。
Then they brought the captives and the booty and the spoil to Moses, and to Elea'zar the priest, and to the congregation of the people of Israel, at the camp on the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho.
31:13
摩西和祭司以利亞撒,並會眾一切的首領,都出到營外迎接他們。
Moses, and Elea'zar the priest, and all the leaders of the congregation, went forth to meet them outside the camp.
31:14
摩西向打仗回來的軍長,就是千夫長、百夫長,發怒,
And Moses was angry with the officers of the army, the commanders of thousands and the commanders of hundreds, who had come from service in the war.
31:15
對他們說:「你們要存留這一切婦女的活命嗎?
Moses said to them, "Have you let all the women live?
31:16
這些婦女因巴蘭的計謀,叫以色列人在毗珥的事上得罪耶和華,以致耶和華的會眾遭遇瘟疫。
Behold, these caused the people of Israel, by the counsel of Balaam, to act treacherously against the LORD in the matter of Pe'or, and so the plague came among the congregation of the LORD.
31:17
所以,你們要把一切的男孩和所有已嫁的女子都殺了。
Now therefore, kill every male among the little ones, and kill every woman who has known man by lying with him.
31:18
但女孩子中,凡沒有出嫁的,你們都可以存留她的活命。
But all the young girls who have not known man by lying with him, keep alive for yourselves.
31:19
你們要在營外駐紮七日;凡殺了人的,和一切摸了被殺的,並你們所擄來的人口,第三日,第七日,都要潔淨自己,
Encamp outside the camp seven days; whoever of you has killed any person, and whoever has touched any slain, purify yourselves and your captives on the third day and on the seventh day.
31:20
也要因一切的衣服、皮物、山羊毛織的物,和各樣的木器,潔淨自己。」
You shall purify every garment, every article of skin, all work of goats' hair, and every article of wood."
31:21
祭司以利亞撒對打仗回來的兵丁說:「耶和華所吩咐摩西律法中的條例乃是這樣:
And Elea'zar the priest said to the men of war who had gone to battle: "This is the statute of the law which the LORD has commanded Moses:
31:22
金、銀、銅、鐵、錫、鉛,
only the gold, the silver, the bronze, the iron, the tin, and the lead,
31:23
凡能見火的,你們要叫它經火就為潔淨,然而還要用除污穢的水潔淨它;凡不能見火的,你們要叫它過水。
everything that can stand the fire, you shall pass through the fire, and it shall be clean. Nevertheless it shall also be purified with the water of impurity; and whatever cannot stand the fire, you shall pass through the water.
31:24
第七日,你們要洗衣服,就為潔淨,然後可以進營。」
You must wash your clothes on the seventh day, and you shall be clean; and afterward you shall come into the camp."
31:25
耶和華曉諭摩西說:
The LORD said to Moses,
31:26
「你和祭司以利亞撒,並會眾的各族長,要計算所擄來的人口和牲畜的總數。
"Take the count of the booty that was taken, both of man and of beast, you and Elea'zar the priest and the heads of the fathers' houses of the congregation;
31:27
把所擄來的分作兩半:一半歸與出去打仗的精兵,一半歸與全會眾。
and divide the booty into two parts, between the warriors who went out to battle and all the congregation.
31:28
又要從出去打仗所得的人口、牛、驢、羊群中,每五百取一,作為貢物奉給耶和華。
And levy for the LORD a tribute from the men of war who went out to battle, one out of five hundred, of the persons and of the oxen and of the asses and of the flocks;
31:29
從他們一半之中,要取出來交給祭司以利亞撒,作為耶和華的舉祭。
take it from their half, and give it to Elea'zar the priest as an offering to the LORD.
31:30
從以色列人的一半之中,就是從人口、牛、驢、羊群、各樣牲畜中,每五十取一,交給看守耶和華帳幕的利未人。」
And from the people of Israel's half you shall take one drawn out of every fifty, of the persons, of the oxen, of the asses, and of the flocks, of all the cattle, and give them to the Levites who have charge of the tabernacle of the LORD."
31:31
於是摩西和祭司以利亞撒照耶和華所吩咐摩西的行了。
And Moses and Elea'zar the priest did as the LORD commanded Moses.
31:32
除了兵丁所奪的財物以外,所擄來的:羊六十七萬五千隻;
Now the booty remaining of the spoil that the men of war took was: six hundred and seventy-five thousand sheep,
31:33
牛七萬二千隻;
seventy-two thousand cattle,
31:34
驢六萬一千匹;
sixty-one thousand asses,
31:35
女人共三萬二千口,都是沒有出嫁的。
and thirty-two thousand persons in all, women who had not known man by lying with him.
31:36
出去打仗之人的分,就是他們所得的那一半,共計羊三十三萬七千五百隻,
And the half, the portion of those who had gone out to war, was in number three hundred and thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep,
31:37
從其中歸耶和華為貢物的,有六百七十五隻;
and the LORD's tribute of sheep was six hundred and seventy-five.
31:38
牛三萬六千隻,從其中歸耶和華為貢物的,有七十二隻;
The cattle were thirty-six thousand, of which the LORD's tribute was seventy-two.
31:39
驢三萬零五百匹,從其中歸耶和華為貢物的,有六十一匹;
The asses were thirty thousand five hundred, of which the LORD's tribute was sixty-one.
31:40
人一萬六千口,從其中歸耶和華的,有三十二口。
The persons were sixteen thousand, of which the LORD's tribute was thirty-two persons.
31:41
摩西把貢物,就是歸與耶和華的舉祭,交給祭司以利亞撒,是照耶和華所吩咐摩西的。
And Moses gave the tribute, which was the offering for the LORD, to Elea'zar the priest, as the LORD commanded Moses.
31:42
以色列人所得的那一半,就是摩西從打仗的人取來分給他們的。
From the people of Israel's half, which Moses separated from that of the men who had gone to war --
31:43
(會眾的那一半有:羊三十三萬七千五百隻;
now the congregation's half was three hundred and thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep,
31:44
牛三萬六千隻;
thirty-six thousand cattle,
31:45
驢三萬零五百匹;
and thirty thousand five hundred asses,
31:46
人一萬六千口。)
and sixteen thousand persons --
31:47
無論是人口是牲畜,摩西每五十取一,交給看守耶和華帳幕的利未人,是照耶和華所吩咐摩西的。
from the people of Israel's half Moses took one of every fifty, both of persons and of beasts, and gave them to the Levites who had charge of the tabernacle of the LORD; as the LORD commanded Moses.
31:48
帶領千軍的各軍長,就是千夫長、百夫長,都近前來見摩西,
Then the officers who were over the thousands of the army, the captains of thousands and the captains of hundreds, came near to Moses,
31:49
對他說:「僕人權下的兵已經計算總數,並不短少一人。
and said to Moses, "Your servants have counted the men of war who are under our command, and there is not a man missing from us.
31:50
如今我們將各人所得的金器,就是腳鍊子、鐲子、打印的戒指、耳環、手釧,都送來為耶和華的供物,好在耶和華面前為我們的生命贖罪。」
And we have brought the LORD's offering, what each man found, articles of gold, armlets and bracelets, signet rings, earrings, and beads, to make atonement for ourselves before the LORD."
31:51
摩西和祭司以利亞撒就收了他們的金子,都是打成的器皿。
And Moses and Elea'zar the priest received from them the gold, all wrought articles.
31:52
千夫長、百夫長所獻給耶和華為舉祭的金子共有一萬六千七百五十舍客勒。
And all the gold of the offering that they offered to the LORD, from the commanders of thousands and the commanders of hundreds, was sixteen thousand seven hundred and fifty shekels.
31:53
各兵丁都為自己奪了財物。
(The men of war had taken booty, every man for himself.)
31:54
摩西和祭司以利亞撒收了千夫長、百夫長的金子,就帶進會幕,在耶和華面前作為以色列人的紀念。
And Moses and Elea'zar the priest received the gold from the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, and brought it into the tent of meeting, as a memorial for the people of Israel before the LORD.






 
今日心得上傳及閱讀請到
1.  蔡茂堂牧師blog:  http://hopingtsaidevotion.blogspot.com/
2.  李晶晶牧師blog:  http://taipeihoping-chin.blogspot.com/
 
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1 則留言:

  1. 耶和華,以色列的上帝,是聖潔的,祂命令以色列人殺盡米甸人的男姓及已嫁的女子,為以色列人報仇,這件事是有特別的意義。這是神的命令:「你要在米甸人身上報以色列的仇。」(第2節);摩西傳達神的命令時,則說:「好在米甸人身上爲耶和華報仇。」(第3節)。向米甸報仇不是出於人之嗜殺,只是神的公義的審判,是爲要「在米甸人身上報以色列的仇」;以色列人本來與米甸人無仇無怨,米甸人行詭詐陷害以色列人,利用摩押的女子誘使以色列人犯姦淫而招死亡,這是「以色列的仇」。他們明知(透過巴蘭)陷以色列於拜偶像的罪就會招耶和華的大怒,他們仍明知故犯,這是立意千犯神的聖潔,招致上帝的忿怒,導致「耶和華為以色列人報仇」(參民數記25章),因為上帝的聖潔和榮耀勝於人的生命,不可輕忽,不可苟且。我們不得不承認米甸人是罪有應得的。


    原來以色列人果然自以爲宅心仁厚,沒有殺戮米甸的婦人和孩子,只俘擄他們回國。摩西發怒了,他明顯指出他們的不順服。而且從上文下理,我們可以看出以色列人之所以不殺米甸婦人,其動機是性欲方面多於仁慈的。敵人的男孩和「已嫁的女子」(原意是曾與男人有性關係者)都要殺死(17節)。這些婦女曾引誘以色列人犯姦淫,不處死她們便是包容罪惡,難怪摩西發怒。處女沒有犯此罪,故不用處死(18節),日後可嫁以色列人為妻(申21:10-14節)。



    歌羅西書 3:5~19節告訴我們:「要治死你們在地上的肢體,就如淫亂、污穢、邪情、惡慾,和貪婪(貪婪就與拜偶像一樣)。因這些事,神的忿怒必臨到那悖逆之子。當你們在這些事中活著的時候,也曾這樣行過。但現在你們要棄絕這一切的事,以及惱恨、忿怒、惡毒(或作:陰毒)、毀謗,並口中污穢的言語。不要彼此說謊;因你們已經脫去舊人和舊人的行為,穿上了新人。這新人在知識上漸漸更新,正如造他主的形像。」這是何等聖潔的教訓!願我們真心領悟!願我們更全心全意地分別爲聖,走在天路上,曉得自己的分和家在高天之上!願 神憐憫我們,並成全這事!

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