全新四年樂活讀經
W3 2011-09-07 (民3)
經文: 民數記 3:46 以色列人中頭生的男子比利未人多二百七十三個，必當將他們贖出來。
默想: 耶和華指定由利未支派一個月以上的男丁共有二萬二千人。他們被耶和華揀選，代替以色列頭生男子完全歸屬侍奉耶和華。但是以色列人頭生的男子數目經數點結果的總人數是二萬二千二百七十三名。這些多出來的二百七十三名以色列人頭生男子，必須照聖所的天平，每人獻上贖銀五舍克勒。由此看來，我們的上帝是很精準的上帝。求主幫助我，在服侍上帝時，能夠盡力量做到最精準的程度，好討神的歡喜。
題目: v.11-13、44-45 上帝揀選利未人代替頭生兒子的目的是什麼？你有何看法？
3:1 耶和華在西奈山曉諭摩西的日子，亞倫和摩西的後代如下：
These are the generations of Aaron and Moses at the time when the LORD spoke with Moses on Mount Sinai.
3:2 亞倫的兒子，長子名叫拿答，還有亞比戶、以利亞撒、以他瑪。
These are the names of the sons of Aaron: Nadab the first-born, and Abi'hu, Elea'zar, and Ith'amar;
3:3 這是亞倫兒子的名字，都是受膏的祭司，是摩西叫他們承接聖職供祭司職分的。
these are the names of the sons of Aaron, the anointed priests, whom he ordained to minister in the priest's office.
3:4 拿答、亞比戶在西奈的曠野向耶和華獻凡火的時候就死在耶和華面前了。他們也沒有兒子。以利亞撒、以他瑪在他們的父親亞倫面前供祭司的職分。
But Nadab and Abi'hu died before the LORD when they offered unholy fire before the LORD in the wilderness of Sinai; and they had no children. So Elea'zar and Ith'amar served as priests in the lifetime of Aaron their father.
3:5 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses,
3:6 「你使利未支派近前來，站在祭司亞倫面前好服事他，
"Bring the tribe of Levi near, and set them before Aaron the priest, that they may minister to him.
3:7 替他和會眾在會幕前守所吩咐的，辦理帳幕的事。
They shall perform duties for him and for the whole congregation before the tent of meeting, as they minister at the tabernacle;
3:8 又要看守會幕的器具，並守所吩咐以色列人的，辦理帳幕的事。
they shall have charge of all the furnishings of the tent of meeting, and attend to the duties for the people of Israel as they minister at the tabernacle.
3:9 你要將利未人給亞倫和他的兒子，因為他們是從以色列人中選出來給他的。
And you shall give the Levites to Aaron and his sons; they are wholly given to him from among the people of Israel.
3:10 你要囑咐亞倫和他的兒子謹守自己祭司的職任。近前來的外人必被治死。」
And you shall appoint Aaron and his sons, and they shall attend to their priesthood; but if any one else comes near, he shall be put to death."
3:11 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses,
3:12 「我從以色列人中揀選了利未人，代替以色列人一切頭生的；利未人要歸我。
"Behold, I have taken the Levites from among the people of Israel instead of every first-born that opens the womb among the people of Israel. The Levites shall be mine,
3:13 因為凡頭生的是我的；我在埃及地擊殺一切頭生的那日就把以色列中一切頭生的，連人帶牲畜都分別為聖歸我；他們定要屬我。我是耶和華。」
for all the first-born are mine; on the day that I slew all the first-born in the land of Egypt, I consecrated for my own all the first-born in Israel, both of man and of beast; they shall be mine: I am the LORD."
3:14 耶和華在西奈的曠野曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses in the wilderness of Sinai,
3:15 「你要照利未人的宗族、家室數點他們。凡一個月以外的男子都要數點。」
"Number the sons of Levi, by fathers' houses and by families; every male from a month old and upward you shall number."
3:16 於是摩西照耶和華所吩咐的數點他們。
So Moses numbered them according to the word of the LORD, as he was commanded.
3:17 利未眾子的名字是革順、哥轄、米拉利。
And these were the sons of Levi by their names: Gershon and Kohath and Merar'i.
3:18 革順的兒子，按著家室，是立尼、示每。
And these are the names of the sons of Gershon by their families: Libni and Shim'e-i.
3:19 哥轄的兒子，按著家室，是暗蘭、以斯哈、希伯倫、烏薛。
And the sons of Kohath by their families: Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uz'ziel.
3:20 米拉利的兒子，按著家室，是抹利、母示。這些按著宗族是利未人的家室。
And the sons of Merar'i by their families: Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of the Levites, by their fathers' houses.
3:21 屬革順的，有立尼族、示每族。這是革順的二族。
Of Gershon were the family of the Libnites and the family of the Shim'e-ites; these were the families of the Gershonites.
3:22 其中被數、從一個月以外所有的男子共有七千五百名。
Their number according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward was seven thousand five hundred.
3:23 這革順的二族要在帳幕後西邊安營。
The families of the Gershonites were to encamp behind the tabernacle on the west,
3:24 拉伊勒的兒子以利雅薩作革順人宗族的首領。
with Eli'asaph, the son of La'el as head of the fathers' house of the Gershonites.
3:25 革順的子孫在會幕中所要看守的，就是帳幕和罩棚，並罩棚的蓋與會幕的門簾，
And the charge of the sons of Gershon in the tent of meeting was to be the tabernacle, the tent with its covering, the screen for the door of the tent of meeting,
3:26 院子的帷子和門簾（院子是圍帳幕和壇的），並一切使用的繩子。
the hangings of the court, the screen for the door of the court which is around the tabernacle and the altar, and its cords; all the service pertaining to these.
3:27 屬哥轄的，有暗蘭族、以斯哈族、希伯倫族、烏薛族。這是哥轄的諸族。
Of Kohath were the family of the Amramites, and the family of the Izhar'ites, and the family of the He'bronites, and the family of the Uzzie'lites; these are the families of the Ko'hathites.
3:28 按所有男子的數目，從一個月以外看守聖所的，共有八千六百名。
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand six hundred, attending to the duties of the sanctuary.
3:29 哥轄兒子的諸族要在帳幕的南邊安營。
The families of the sons of Kohath were to encamp on the south side of the tabernacle,
3:30 烏薛的兒子以利撒反作哥轄宗族家室的首領。
with Eli-za'phan the son of Uz'ziel as head of the fathers' house of the families of the Ko'hathites.
3:31 他們所要看守的是約櫃、桌子、燈臺、兩座壇與聖所內使用的器皿，並簾子和一切使用之物。
And their charge was to be the ark, the table, the lampstand, the altars, the vessels of the sanctuary with which the priests minister, and the screen; all the service pertaining to these.
3:32 祭司亞倫的兒子以利亞撒作利未人眾首領的領袖，要監察那些看守聖所的人。
And Elea'zar the son of Aaron the priest was to be chief over the leaders of the Levites, and to have oversight of those who had charge of the sanctuary.
3:33 屬米拉利的，有抹利族、母示族。這是米拉利的二族。
Of Merar'i were the family of the Mahlites and the family of the Mushites: these are the families of Merar'i.
3:34 他們被數的，按所有男子的數目，從一個月以外的，共有六千二百名。
Their number according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward was six thousand two hundred.
3:35 亞比亥的兒子蘇列作米拉利二宗族的首領。他們要在帳幕的北邊安營。
And the head of the fathers' house of the families of Merar'i was Zu'riel the son of Ab'ihail; they were to encamp on the north side of the tabernacle.
3:36 米拉利子孫的職分是看守帳幕的板、閂、柱子、帶卯的座，和帳幕一切所使用的器具，
And the appointed charge of the sons of Merar'i was to be the frames of the tabernacle, the bars, the pillars, the bases, and all their accessories; all the service pertaining to these;
3:37 院子四圍的柱子、帶卯的座、橛子，和繩子。
also the pillars of the court round about, with their bases and pegs and cords.
3:38 在帳幕前東邊，向日出之地安營的是摩西、亞倫，和亞倫的兒子。他們看守聖所，替以色列人守耶和華所吩咐的。近前來的外人必被治死。
And those to encamp before the tabernacle on the east, before the tent of meeting toward the sunrise, were Moses and Aaron and his sons, having charge of the rites within the sanctuary, whatever had to be done for the people of Israel; and any one else who came near was to be put to death.
3:39 凡被數的利未人，就是摩西、亞倫照耶和華吩咐所數的，按著家室，從一個月以外的男子，共有二萬二千名。
All who were numbered of the Levites, whom Moses and Aaron numbered at the commandment of the LORD, by families, all the males from a month old and upward, were twenty-two thousand.
3:40 耶和華對摩西說：「你要從以色列人中數點一個月以外、凡頭生的男子，把他們的名字記下。
And the LORD said to Moses, "Number all the first-born males of the people of Israel, from a month old and upward, taking their number by names.
3:41 我是耶和華。你要揀選利未人歸我，代替以色列人所有頭生的，也取利未人的牲畜代替以色列所有頭生的牲畜。」
And you shall take the Levites for me -- I am the LORD -- instead of all the first-born among the people of Israel, and the cattle of the Levites instead of all the firstlings among the cattle of the people of Israel."
3:42 摩西就照耶和華所吩咐的把以色列人頭生的都數點了。
So Moses numbered all the first-born among the people of Israel, as the LORD commanded him.
3:43 按人名的數目，從一個月以外、凡頭生的男子，共有二萬二千二百七十三名。
And all the first-born males, according to the number of names, from a month old and upward as numbered were twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three.
3:44 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses,
3:45 「你揀選利未人代替以色列人所有頭生的，也取利未人的牲畜代替以色列人的牲畜。利未人要歸我；我是耶和華。
"Take the Levites instead of all the first-born among the people of Israel, and the cattle of the Levites instead of their cattle; and the Levites shall be mine: I am the LORD.
3:46 以色列人中頭生的男子比利未人多二百七十三個，必當將他們贖出來。
And for the redemption of the two hundred and seventy-three of the first-born of the people of Israel, over and above the number of the male Levites,
3:47 你要按人丁，照聖所的平，每人取贖銀五舍客勒（一舍客勒是二十季拉），
you shall take five shekels apiece; reckoning by the shekel of the sanctuary, the shekel of twenty gerahs, you shall take them,
3:48 把那多餘之人的贖銀交給亞倫和他的兒子。」
and give the money by which the excess number of them is redeemed to Aaron and his sons."
3:49 於是摩西從那被利未人所贖以外的人取了贖銀。
So Moses took the redemption money from those who were over and above those redeemed by the Levites;
3:50 從以色列人頭生的所取之銀，按聖所的平，有一千三百六十五舍客勒。
from the first-born of the people of Israel he took the money, one thousand three hundred and sixty-five shekels, reckoned by the shekel of the sanctuary;
3:51 摩西照耶和華的話把這贖銀給亞倫和他的兒子，正如耶和華所吩咐的。
and Moses gave the redemption money to Aaron and his sons, according to the word of the LORD, as the LORD commanded Moses.
These are the generations of Aaron and Moses at the time when the LORD spoke with Moses on Mount Sinai.
3:2 亞倫的兒子，長子名叫拿答，還有亞比戶、以利亞撒、以他瑪。
These are the names of the sons of Aaron: Nadab the first-born, and Abi'hu, Elea'zar, and Ith'amar;
3:3 這是亞倫兒子的名字，都是受膏的祭司，是摩西叫他們承接聖職供祭司職分的。
these are the names of the sons of Aaron, the anointed priests, whom he ordained to minister in the priest's office.
3:4 拿答、亞比戶在西奈的曠野向耶和華獻凡火的時候就死在耶和華面前了。他們也沒有兒子。以利亞撒、以他瑪在他們的父親亞倫面前供祭司的職分。
But Nadab and Abi'hu died before the LORD when they offered unholy fire before the LORD in the wilderness of Sinai; and they had no children. So Elea'zar and Ith'amar served as priests in the lifetime of Aaron their father.
3:5 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses,
3:6 「你使利未支派近前來，站在祭司亞倫面前好服事他，
"Bring the tribe of Levi near, and set them before Aaron the priest, that they may minister to him.
3:7 替他和會眾在會幕前守所吩咐的，辦理帳幕的事。
They shall perform duties for him and for the whole congregation before the tent of meeting, as they minister at the tabernacle;
3:8 又要看守會幕的器具，並守所吩咐以色列人的，辦理帳幕的事。
they shall have charge of all the furnishings of the tent of meeting, and attend to the duties for the people of Israel as they minister at the tabernacle.
3:9 你要將利未人給亞倫和他的兒子，因為他們是從以色列人中選出來給他的。
And you shall give the Levites to Aaron and his sons; they are wholly given to him from among the people of Israel.
3:10 你要囑咐亞倫和他的兒子謹守自己祭司的職任。近前來的外人必被治死。」
And you shall appoint Aaron and his sons, and they shall attend to their priesthood; but if any one else comes near, he shall be put to death."
3:11 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses,
3:12 「我從以色列人中揀選了利未人，代替以色列人一切頭生的；利未人要歸我。
"Behold, I have taken the Levites from among the people of Israel instead of every first-born that opens the womb among the people of Israel. The Levites shall be mine,
3:13 因為凡頭生的是我的；我在埃及地擊殺一切頭生的那日就把以色列中一切頭生的，連人帶牲畜都分別為聖歸我；他們定要屬我。我是耶和華。」
for all the first-born are mine; on the day that I slew all the first-born in the land of Egypt, I consecrated for my own all the first-born in Israel, both of man and of beast; they shall be mine: I am the LORD."
3:14 耶和華在西奈的曠野曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses in the wilderness of Sinai,
3:15 「你要照利未人的宗族、家室數點他們。凡一個月以外的男子都要數點。」
"Number the sons of Levi, by fathers' houses and by families; every male from a month old and upward you shall number."
3:16 於是摩西照耶和華所吩咐的數點他們。
So Moses numbered them according to the word of the LORD, as he was commanded.
3:17 利未眾子的名字是革順、哥轄、米拉利。
And these were the sons of Levi by their names: Gershon and Kohath and Merar'i.
3:18 革順的兒子，按著家室，是立尼、示每。
And these are the names of the sons of Gershon by their families: Libni and Shim'e-i.
3:19 哥轄的兒子，按著家室，是暗蘭、以斯哈、希伯倫、烏薛。
And the sons of Kohath by their families: Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uz'ziel.
3:20 米拉利的兒子，按著家室，是抹利、母示。這些按著宗族是利未人的家室。
And the sons of Merar'i by their families: Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of the Levites, by their fathers' houses.
3:21 屬革順的，有立尼族、示每族。這是革順的二族。
Of Gershon were the family of the Libnites and the family of the Shim'e-ites; these were the families of the Gershonites.
3:22 其中被數、從一個月以外所有的男子共有七千五百名。
Their number according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward was seven thousand five hundred.
3:23 這革順的二族要在帳幕後西邊安營。
The families of the Gershonites were to encamp behind the tabernacle on the west,
3:24 拉伊勒的兒子以利雅薩作革順人宗族的首領。
with Eli'asaph, the son of La'el as head of the fathers' house of the Gershonites.
3:25 革順的子孫在會幕中所要看守的，就是帳幕和罩棚，並罩棚的蓋與會幕的門簾，
And the charge of the sons of Gershon in the tent of meeting was to be the tabernacle, the tent with its covering, the screen for the door of the tent of meeting,
3:26 院子的帷子和門簾（院子是圍帳幕和壇的），並一切使用的繩子。
the hangings of the court, the screen for the door of the court which is around the tabernacle and the altar, and its cords; all the service pertaining to these.
3:27 屬哥轄的，有暗蘭族、以斯哈族、希伯倫族、烏薛族。這是哥轄的諸族。
Of Kohath were the family of the Amramites, and the family of the Izhar'ites, and the family of the He'bronites, and the family of the Uzzie'lites; these are the families of the Ko'hathites.
3:28 按所有男子的數目，從一個月以外看守聖所的，共有八千六百名。
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand six hundred, attending to the duties of the sanctuary.
3:29 哥轄兒子的諸族要在帳幕的南邊安營。
The families of the sons of Kohath were to encamp on the south side of the tabernacle,
3:30 烏薛的兒子以利撒反作哥轄宗族家室的首領。
with Eli-za'phan the son of Uz'ziel as head of the fathers' house of the families of the Ko'hathites.
3:31 他們所要看守的是約櫃、桌子、燈臺、兩座壇與聖所內使用的器皿，並簾子和一切使用之物。
And their charge was to be the ark, the table, the lampstand, the altars, the vessels of the sanctuary with which the priests minister, and the screen; all the service pertaining to these.
3:32 祭司亞倫的兒子以利亞撒作利未人眾首領的領袖，要監察那些看守聖所的人。
And Elea'zar the son of Aaron the priest was to be chief over the leaders of the Levites, and to have oversight of those who had charge of the sanctuary.
3:33 屬米拉利的，有抹利族、母示族。這是米拉利的二族。
Of Merar'i were the family of the Mahlites and the family of the Mushites: these are the families of Merar'i.
3:34 他們被數的，按所有男子的數目，從一個月以外的，共有六千二百名。
Their number according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward was six thousand two hundred.
3:35 亞比亥的兒子蘇列作米拉利二宗族的首領。他們要在帳幕的北邊安營。
And the head of the fathers' house of the families of Merar'i was Zu'riel the son of Ab'ihail; they were to encamp on the north side of the tabernacle.
3:36 米拉利子孫的職分是看守帳幕的板、閂、柱子、帶卯的座，和帳幕一切所使用的器具，
And the appointed charge of the sons of Merar'i was to be the frames of the tabernacle, the bars, the pillars, the bases, and all their accessories; all the service pertaining to these;
3:37 院子四圍的柱子、帶卯的座、橛子，和繩子。
also the pillars of the court round about, with their bases and pegs and cords.
3:38 在帳幕前東邊，向日出之地安營的是摩西、亞倫，和亞倫的兒子。他們看守聖所，替以色列人守耶和華所吩咐的。近前來的外人必被治死。
And those to encamp before the tabernacle on the east, before the tent of meeting toward the sunrise, were Moses and Aaron and his sons, having charge of the rites within the sanctuary, whatever had to be done for the people of Israel; and any one else who came near was to be put to death.
3:39 凡被數的利未人，就是摩西、亞倫照耶和華吩咐所數的，按著家室，從一個月以外的男子，共有二萬二千名。
All who were numbered of the Levites, whom Moses and Aaron numbered at the commandment of the LORD, by families, all the males from a month old and upward, were twenty-two thousand.
3:40 耶和華對摩西說：「你要從以色列人中數點一個月以外、凡頭生的男子，把他們的名字記下。
And the LORD said to Moses, "Number all the first-born males of the people of Israel, from a month old and upward, taking their number by names.
3:41 我是耶和華。你要揀選利未人歸我，代替以色列人所有頭生的，也取利未人的牲畜代替以色列所有頭生的牲畜。」
And you shall take the Levites for me -- I am the LORD -- instead of all the first-born among the people of Israel, and the cattle of the Levites instead of all the firstlings among the cattle of the people of Israel."
3:42 摩西就照耶和華所吩咐的把以色列人頭生的都數點了。
So Moses numbered all the first-born among the people of Israel, as the LORD commanded him.
3:43 按人名的數目，從一個月以外、凡頭生的男子，共有二萬二千二百七十三名。
And all the first-born males, according to the number of names, from a month old and upward as numbered were twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three.
3:44 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
And the LORD said to Moses,
3:45 「你揀選利未人代替以色列人所有頭生的，也取利未人的牲畜代替以色列人的牲畜。利未人要歸我；我是耶和華。
"Take the Levites instead of all the first-born among the people of Israel, and the cattle of the Levites instead of their cattle; and the Levites shall be mine: I am the LORD.
3:46 以色列人中頭生的男子比利未人多二百七十三個，必當將他們贖出來。
And for the redemption of the two hundred and seventy-three of the first-born of the people of Israel, over and above the number of the male Levites,
3:47 你要按人丁，照聖所的平，每人取贖銀五舍客勒（一舍客勒是二十季拉），
you shall take five shekels apiece; reckoning by the shekel of the sanctuary, the shekel of twenty gerahs, you shall take them,
3:48 把那多餘之人的贖銀交給亞倫和他的兒子。」
and give the money by which the excess number of them is redeemed to Aaron and his sons."
3:49 於是摩西從那被利未人所贖以外的人取了贖銀。
So Moses took the redemption money from those who were over and above those redeemed by the Levites;
3:50 從以色列人頭生的所取之銀，按聖所的平，有一千三百六十五舍客勒。
from the first-born of the people of Israel he took the money, one thousand three hundred and sixty-five shekels, reckoned by the shekel of the sanctuary;
3:51 摩西照耶和華的話把這贖銀給亞倫和他的兒子，正如耶和華所吩咐的。
and Moses gave the redemption money to Aaron and his sons, according to the word of the LORD, as the LORD commanded Moses.
今日心得上傳及閱讀請到
1. 蔡茂堂牧師blog: http://hopingtsaidevotion.blogspot.com/
2. 李晶晶牧師blog: http://taipeihoping-chin.blogspot.com/
蔡茂堂牧師創世記查經班歷年錄音檔案:
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根據華爾頓《舊約聖經背景注釋》：按照古代近東文化，任何母親的第一個男胎都被視為是神明所有的。這概念在古代近東有時導致以孩童為祭，來保證豐饒。此外在祖先崇拜的制度中，長子所繼承的是作為家中祭司的職任。在以色列中，祭祖和殯葬祭儀是不容許的。
回覆刪除在出埃及的日子，埃及的頭生的都被擊殺，只有以色列頭生的才被「分別為聖」。民數記3:44-51 告訴我們：頭生的長子是分別為聖獻給神的。作神的奴僕，有利未人代替服事神的便可贖出來，沒有利未人代替服事神的便須以購奴僕的價錢贖出來。神要求人在祂的聖所中事奉，或作祭司，或作其他的工作人員。因此耶和華把長子身分轉授給利未人，這信念所導致的「分別為聖」觀念是指長子在祭儀或在聖殿中的身份,主要是用來事奉神的。就暗示了以色列族中，不再由長子負責保持的家庭式先祖崇拜，而是由「祭司」維持管制的全國性宗教活動（出13：1～3）；民數記3：11～13也告訴我們：長子可以從這處境中贖回，按以色列律法的規定，其地位由利未人所取代。祂卻特別揀選利未族，如果頭生的超過利未人，按數目收取贖價，以維持亞倫與他家人的生活。頭生的或以利未人代替，或付以贖金。