全新四年樂活讀經
W4 2011-09-01 (羅13)
經文: 羅馬書 13:3-4 作官的原不是叫行善的懼怕，乃是叫作惡的懼怕。你願意不懼怕掌權的嗎？你只要行善，就可得他的稱讚；因為他是神的用人，是與你有益的。你若作惡，卻當懼怕；因為他不是空空的佩劍，他是神的用人，是伸冤的，刑罰那作惡的。
默想: 保羅在這段經文中討論到他的政治神學。一方面看來，保羅是接受神授政權論。他在本章一開始就提到，在上掌權的，人人當順服他。不管這位在上掌權者的權是怎麼得來的，只要他是在上掌權，人人都要順服。這似乎是維護現狀 (Status Quo) 的思維，體制內革新或是體制外革命，似乎都不在考慮範圍之內。保羅似乎也認同在上掌權者，必要時可以使用合法暴力 (佩劍)來賞善罰惡，維持公共秩序與百姓安全。但是，如果在上掌權者，沒有做出有益於百姓的成果，沒有為弱勢者申冤，沒有賞善罰惡，維持社會公義與秩序，是否就喪失其在上掌權的正當性，此時，百姓是否可以採取必要的體制內革新或體制外革命的方法，來另立新的在上掌權者，保羅在這方面，似乎沒有多著墨與討論。求主教導我，在目前民主政治體制之下，人民對於在上掌權者的順服，應當如何行才能合神的心意與討神的歡喜。
題目: 1-7節，對於「…凡掌權的都是神所命的。抗拒掌權的，就是抗拒神的命。」(1-2節)對於這話你有何看法？為何要順服掌權者？
13:1 在上有權柄的，人人當順服他，因為沒有權柄不是出於 神的。凡掌權的都是 神所命的。
Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God.
13:2 所以，抗拒掌權的就是抗拒 神的命；抗拒的必自取刑罰。
Therefore he who resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment.
13:3 作官的原不是叫行善的懼怕，乃是叫作惡的懼怕。你願意不懼怕掌權的嗎？你只要行善，就可得他的稱讚；
For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of him who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval,
13:4 因為他是 神的用人，是與你有益的。你若作惡，卻當懼怕；因為他不是空空的佩劍，他是 神的用人，是伸冤的，刑罰那作惡的。
for he is God's servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain; he is the servant of God to execute his wrath on the wrongdoer.
13:5 所以你們必須順服，不但是因為刑罰，也是因為良心。
Therefore one must be subject, not only to avoid God's wrath but also for the sake of conscience.
13:6 你們納糧，也為這個緣故；因他們是 神的差役，常常特管這事。
For the same reason you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing.
13:7 凡人所當得的，就給他。當得糧的，給他納糧；當得稅的，給他上稅；當懼怕的，懼怕他；當恭敬的，恭敬他。
Pay all of them their dues, taxes to whom taxes are due, revenue to whom revenue is due, respect to whom respect is due, honor to whom honor is due.
13:8 凡事都不可虧欠人，惟有彼此相愛要常以為虧欠，因為愛人的就完全了律法。
Owe no one anything, except to love one another; for he who loves his neighbor has fulfilled the law.
13:9 像那不可姦淫，不可殺人，不可偷盜，不可貪婪，或有別的誡命，都包在愛人如己這一句話之內了。
The commandments, "You shall not commit adultery, You shall not kill, You shall not steal, You shall not covet," and any other commandment, are summed up in this sentence, "You shall love your neighbor as yourself."
13:10 愛是不加害與人的，所以愛就完全了律法。
Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.
13:11 再者，你們曉得現今就是該趁早睡醒的時候；因為我們得救，現今比初信的時候更近了。
Besides this you know what hour it is, how it is full time now for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we first believed;
13:12 黑夜已深，白晝將近；我們就當脫去暗昧的行為，帶上光明的兵器。
the night is far gone, the day is at hand. Let us then cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light;
13:13 行事為人要端正，好像行在白晝。不可荒宴醉酒，不可好色邪蕩，不可爭競嫉妒；
let us conduct ourselves becomingly as in the day, not in reveling and drunkenness, not in debauchery and licentiousness, not in quarreling and jealousy.
13:14 總要披戴主耶穌基督，不要為肉體安排，去放縱私慾。
But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to gratify its desires.
Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God.
13:2 所以，抗拒掌權的就是抗拒 神的命；抗拒的必自取刑罰。
Therefore he who resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment.
13:3 作官的原不是叫行善的懼怕，乃是叫作惡的懼怕。你願意不懼怕掌權的嗎？你只要行善，就可得他的稱讚；
For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of him who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval,
13:4 因為他是 神的用人，是與你有益的。你若作惡，卻當懼怕；因為他不是空空的佩劍，他是 神的用人，是伸冤的，刑罰那作惡的。
for he is God's servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain; he is the servant of God to execute his wrath on the wrongdoer.
13:5 所以你們必須順服，不但是因為刑罰，也是因為良心。
Therefore one must be subject, not only to avoid God's wrath but also for the sake of conscience.
13:6 你們納糧，也為這個緣故；因他們是 神的差役，常常特管這事。
For the same reason you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing.
13:7 凡人所當得的，就給他。當得糧的，給他納糧；當得稅的，給他上稅；當懼怕的，懼怕他；當恭敬的，恭敬他。
Pay all of them their dues, taxes to whom taxes are due, revenue to whom revenue is due, respect to whom respect is due, honor to whom honor is due.
13:8 凡事都不可虧欠人，惟有彼此相愛要常以為虧欠，因為愛人的就完全了律法。
Owe no one anything, except to love one another; for he who loves his neighbor has fulfilled the law.
13:9 像那不可姦淫，不可殺人，不可偷盜，不可貪婪，或有別的誡命，都包在愛人如己這一句話之內了。
The commandments, "You shall not commit adultery, You shall not kill, You shall not steal, You shall not covet," and any other commandment, are summed up in this sentence, "You shall love your neighbor as yourself."
13:10 愛是不加害與人的，所以愛就完全了律法。
Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.
13:11 再者，你們曉得現今就是該趁早睡醒的時候；因為我們得救，現今比初信的時候更近了。
Besides this you know what hour it is, how it is full time now for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we first believed;
13:12 黑夜已深，白晝將近；我們就當脫去暗昧的行為，帶上光明的兵器。
the night is far gone, the day is at hand. Let us then cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light;
13:13 行事為人要端正，好像行在白晝。不可荒宴醉酒，不可好色邪蕩，不可爭競嫉妒；
let us conduct ourselves becomingly as in the day, not in reveling and drunkenness, not in debauchery and licentiousness, not in quarreling and jealousy.
13:14 總要披戴主耶穌基督，不要為肉體安排，去放縱私慾。
But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to gratify its desires.
今日心得上傳及閱讀請到
1. 蔡茂堂牧師blog: http://hopingtsaidevotion.blogspot.com/
2. 李晶晶牧師blog: http://taipeihoping-chin.blogspot.com/
蔡茂堂牧師創世記查經班歷年錄音檔案:
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順服掌權者的理由：因為在上掌權的是神所設立的，所以基督徒要順服在上掌權的，服從政府的權柄。因為一切權柄是出於神(1節)， 掌權的是除暴安良、為受屈者伸冤的(3~4節)；順服在上掌權的是與我們『有益的』(4節) 。彼得前書 2:13~15 :「你們為主的緣故，要順服人的一切制度，或是在上的君王, 或是君王所派罰惡賞善的臣宰。因為神的旨意原是要你們行善」。」順服在上掌權的，向政府納稅，這些都是人對政府應有的責任；這些是該撒的物，就應當歸給該撒（可12：17）。
回覆刪除順服政府的法令而生活，就是在上帝的旨意中生活，除非政府的法令違背正義與違背我們的信仰，使我們背叛 上帝的命令時，我們就只好『順從 上帝不順從人』了(徒5：29)。如果在上掌權的施政錯誤，基督徒要『代禱』(提前二1~2)、『不可違法』、基督徒不可以暴力、破壞性的反抗在上掌權的、但要『積極的活出信仰』(彼前四14~16)，在生活中來榮耀上帝。