David's Envoys Insulted by Ammonite King Hanun
全新四年樂活讀經
W4 2012-06-14 (撒下10)
經文: 撒母耳記下 10:2-4 大衛說：「我要照哈嫩的父親拿轄厚待我的恩典厚待哈嫩。」於是大衛差遣臣僕，為他喪父安慰他。大衛的臣僕到了亞捫人的境內。但亞捫人的首領對他們的主哈嫩說：「大衛差人來安慰你，你想他是尊敬你父親嗎？他差臣僕來不是詳察窺探、要傾覆這城嗎？」哈嫩便將大衛臣僕的鬍鬚剃去一半，又割斷他們下半截的衣服，使他們露出下體，打發他們回去。
經文: 撒母耳記下 10:2-4 大衛說：「我要照哈嫩的父親拿轄厚待我的恩典厚待哈嫩。」於是大衛差遣臣僕，為他喪父安慰他。大衛的臣僕到了亞捫人的境內。但亞捫人的首領對他們的主哈嫩說：「大衛差人來安慰你，你想他是尊敬你父親嗎？他差臣僕來不是詳察窺探、要傾覆這城嗎？」哈嫩便將大衛臣僕的鬍鬚剃去一半，又割斷他們下半截的衣服，使他們露出下體，打發他們回去。
默想: 大衛王在功成名就時，不只是記得他年輕時曾經從約拿單得到恩典，並且設法找出約拿單那僅存的瘸腿兒子米非波設，大衛王善待米非波設來報答約拿單當年對大衛所給的恩典。大衛王還記得他在被掃羅王追殺而到處逃命時，也曾經受到亞捫王拿轄保護與厚待的恩典。除了這裡之外，我們無法在聖經其他地方找到亞捫王拿轄是如何善待大衛的記錄。聖經有記載的是，拿轄曾經企圖侵犯基列雅比，卻被掃羅王打敗了。因此，我們可以猜測，當大衛在逃避掃羅王的追殺時，拿轄由於對於掃羅王的仇恨，而可能對大衛示好。但是，基本上亞捫人與以色列人之間，是存有歷史上的冤仇的。當拿轄過世時，大衛王為了報答當年拿轄對他的厚恩，特別派了一隊弔唁團，前往亞捫向拿轄的兒子哈嫩致哀並慰問。想不到大衛王的善意卻被亞捫人誤解為兔死狐悲、鱷魚的眼淚，是假借弔唁來刺探軍情，預備要攻打亞捫。哈嫩相信他的狗頭軍師的說法，而侮辱了大衛王的特使團。結果引起兩國間的一場原來不必有的戰爭。當雙方的互信基礎沒有建立之時，善意的舉動往往會被扭曲誤解為惡意的企圖。求主幫助我，對於別人的善意舉動，要存著沒找到證據之前相信無辜的心態，以免陷入亞捫人的錯誤。
題目: 大衛友好的行動卻招來粗暴的侮辱，試想，當你伸出友誼之手時，若同樣招來拒絕，你會如何處理？
10:1 此後，亞捫人的王死了，他兒子哈嫩接續他作王。
After this the king of the Ammonites died, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead.
10:2 大衛說：「我要照哈嫩的父親拿轄厚待我的恩典厚待哈嫩。」於是大衛差遣臣僕，為他喪父安慰他。大衛的臣僕到了亞捫人的境內。
And David said, "I will deal loyally with Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father dealt loyally with me." So David sent by his servants to console him concerning his father. And David's servants came into the land of the Ammonites.
10:3 但亞捫人的首領對他們的主哈嫩說：「大衛差人來安慰你，你想他是尊敬你父親嗎？他差臣僕來不是詳察窺探、要傾覆這城嗎？」
But the princes of the Ammonites said to Hanun their lord, "Do you think, because David has sent comforters to you, that he is honoring your father? Has not David sent his servants to you to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?"
10:4 哈嫩便將大衛臣僕的鬍鬚剃去一半，又割斷他們下半截的衣服，使他們露出下體，打發他們回去。
So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved off half the beard of each, and cut off their garments in the middle, at their hips, and sent them away.
10:5 有人告訴大衛，他就差人去迎接他們，（因為他們甚覺羞恥），告訴他們說：「可以住在耶利哥，等到鬍鬚長起再回來。」
When it was told David, he sent to meet them, for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, "Remain at Jericho until your beards have grown, and then return."
10:6 亞捫人知道大衛憎惡他們，就打發人去，招募伯•利合的亞蘭人和瑣巴的亞蘭人，步兵二萬，與瑪迦王的人一千、陀伯人一萬二千。
When the Ammonites saw that they had become odious to David, the Ammonites sent and hired the Syrians of Beth-re'hob, and the Syrians of Zobah, twenty thousand foot soldiers, and the king of Ma'acah with a thousand men, and the men of Tob, twelve thousand men.
10:7 大衛聽見了，就差派約押統帶勇猛的全軍出去。
And when David heard of it, he sent Jo'ab and all the host of the mighty men.
10:8 亞捫人出來，在城門前擺陣；瑣巴與利合的亞蘭人、陀伯人，並瑪迦人，另在郊野擺陣。
And the Ammonites came out and drew up in battle array at the entrance of the gate; and the Syrians of Zobah and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Ma'acah, were by themselves in the open country.
10:9 約押看見敵人在他前後擺陣，就從以色列軍中挑選精兵，使他們對著亞蘭人擺陣。
When Jo'ab saw that the battle was set against him both in front and in the rear, he chose some of the picked men of Israel, and arrayed them against the Syrians;
10:10 其餘的兵交與他兄弟亞比篩，對著亞捫人擺陣。
the rest of his men he put in the charge of Abi'shai his brother, and he arrayed them against the Ammonites.
10:11 約押對亞比篩說：「亞蘭人若強過我，你就來幫助我；亞捫人若強過你，我就去幫助你。
And he said, "If the Syrians are too strong for me, then you shall help me; but if the Ammonites are too strong for you, then I will come and help you.
10:12 我們都當剛強，為本國的民和 神的城邑作大丈夫。願耶和華憑他的意旨而行！」
Be of good courage, and let us play the man for our people, and for the cities of our God; and may the LORD do what seems good to him."
10:13 於是，約押和跟隨他的人前進攻打亞蘭人；亞蘭人在約押面前逃跑。
So Jo'ab and the people who were with him drew near to battle against the Syrians; and they fled before him.
10:14 亞捫人見亞蘭人逃跑，他們也在亞比篩面前逃跑進城。約押就離開亞捫人那裡，回耶路撒冷去了。
And when the Ammonites saw that the Syrians fled, they likewise fled before Abi'shai, and entered the city. Then Jo'ab returned from fighting against the Ammonites, and came to Jerusalem.
10:15 亞蘭人見自己被以色列人打敗，就又聚集。
But when the Syrians saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they gathered themselves together.
10:16 哈大底謝差遣人，將大河那邊的亞蘭人調來；他們到了希蘭，哈大底謝的將軍朔法率領他們。
And Hadade'zer sent, and brought out the Syrians who were beyond the Euphra'tes; and they came to Helam, with Shobach the commander of the army of Hadade'zer at their head.
10:17 有人告訴大衛，他就聚集以色列眾人，過約旦河，來到希蘭。亞蘭人迎著大衛擺陣，與他打仗。
And when it was told David, he gathered all Israel together, and crossed the Jordan, and came to Helam. And the Syrians arrayed themselves against David, and fought with him.
10:18 亞蘭人在以色列人面前逃跑；大衛殺了亞蘭七百輛戰車的人，四萬馬兵，又殺了亞蘭的將軍朔法。
And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew of the Syrians the men of seven hundred chariots, and forty thousand horsemen, and wounded Shobach the commander of their army, so that he died there.
10:19 屬哈大底謝的諸王見自己被以色列人打敗，就與以色列人和好，歸服他們。於是亞蘭人不敢再幫助亞捫人了。
And when all the kings who were servants of Hadade'zer saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel, and became subject to them. So the Syrians feared to help the Ammonites any more.
After this the king of the Ammonites died, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead.
10:2 大衛說：「我要照哈嫩的父親拿轄厚待我的恩典厚待哈嫩。」於是大衛差遣臣僕，為他喪父安慰他。大衛的臣僕到了亞捫人的境內。
And David said, "I will deal loyally with Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father dealt loyally with me." So David sent by his servants to console him concerning his father. And David's servants came into the land of the Ammonites.
10:3 但亞捫人的首領對他們的主哈嫩說：「大衛差人來安慰你，你想他是尊敬你父親嗎？他差臣僕來不是詳察窺探、要傾覆這城嗎？」
But the princes of the Ammonites said to Hanun their lord, "Do you think, because David has sent comforters to you, that he is honoring your father? Has not David sent his servants to you to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?"
10:4 哈嫩便將大衛臣僕的鬍鬚剃去一半，又割斷他們下半截的衣服，使他們露出下體，打發他們回去。
So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved off half the beard of each, and cut off their garments in the middle, at their hips, and sent them away.
10:5 有人告訴大衛，他就差人去迎接他們，（因為他們甚覺羞恥），告訴他們說：「可以住在耶利哥，等到鬍鬚長起再回來。」
When it was told David, he sent to meet them, for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, "Remain at Jericho until your beards have grown, and then return."
10:6 亞捫人知道大衛憎惡他們，就打發人去，招募伯•利合的亞蘭人和瑣巴的亞蘭人，步兵二萬，與瑪迦王的人一千、陀伯人一萬二千。
When the Ammonites saw that they had become odious to David, the Ammonites sent and hired the Syrians of Beth-re'hob, and the Syrians of Zobah, twenty thousand foot soldiers, and the king of Ma'acah with a thousand men, and the men of Tob, twelve thousand men.
10:7 大衛聽見了，就差派約押統帶勇猛的全軍出去。
And when David heard of it, he sent Jo'ab and all the host of the mighty men.
10:8 亞捫人出來，在城門前擺陣；瑣巴與利合的亞蘭人、陀伯人，並瑪迦人，另在郊野擺陣。
And the Ammonites came out and drew up in battle array at the entrance of the gate; and the Syrians of Zobah and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Ma'acah, were by themselves in the open country.
10:9 約押看見敵人在他前後擺陣，就從以色列軍中挑選精兵，使他們對著亞蘭人擺陣。
When Jo'ab saw that the battle was set against him both in front and in the rear, he chose some of the picked men of Israel, and arrayed them against the Syrians;
10:10 其餘的兵交與他兄弟亞比篩，對著亞捫人擺陣。
the rest of his men he put in the charge of Abi'shai his brother, and he arrayed them against the Ammonites.
10:11 約押對亞比篩說：「亞蘭人若強過我，你就來幫助我；亞捫人若強過你，我就去幫助你。
And he said, "If the Syrians are too strong for me, then you shall help me; but if the Ammonites are too strong for you, then I will come and help you.
10:12 我們都當剛強，為本國的民和 神的城邑作大丈夫。願耶和華憑他的意旨而行！」
Be of good courage, and let us play the man for our people, and for the cities of our God; and may the LORD do what seems good to him."
10:13 於是，約押和跟隨他的人前進攻打亞蘭人；亞蘭人在約押面前逃跑。
So Jo'ab and the people who were with him drew near to battle against the Syrians; and they fled before him.
10:14 亞捫人見亞蘭人逃跑，他們也在亞比篩面前逃跑進城。約押就離開亞捫人那裡，回耶路撒冷去了。
And when the Ammonites saw that the Syrians fled, they likewise fled before Abi'shai, and entered the city. Then Jo'ab returned from fighting against the Ammonites, and came to Jerusalem.
10:15 亞蘭人見自己被以色列人打敗，就又聚集。
But when the Syrians saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they gathered themselves together.
10:16 哈大底謝差遣人，將大河那邊的亞蘭人調來；他們到了希蘭，哈大底謝的將軍朔法率領他們。
And Hadade'zer sent, and brought out the Syrians who were beyond the Euphra'tes; and they came to Helam, with Shobach the commander of the army of Hadade'zer at their head.
10:17 有人告訴大衛，他就聚集以色列眾人，過約旦河，來到希蘭。亞蘭人迎著大衛擺陣，與他打仗。
And when it was told David, he gathered all Israel together, and crossed the Jordan, and came to Helam. And the Syrians arrayed themselves against David, and fought with him.
10:18 亞蘭人在以色列人面前逃跑；大衛殺了亞蘭七百輛戰車的人，四萬馬兵，又殺了亞蘭的將軍朔法。
And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew of the Syrians the men of seven hundred chariots, and forty thousand horsemen, and wounded Shobach the commander of their army, so that he died there.
10:19 屬哈大底謝的諸王見自己被以色列人打敗，就與以色列人和好，歸服他們。於是亞蘭人不敢再幫助亞捫人了。
And when all the kings who were servants of Hadade'zer saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel, and became subject to them. So the Syrians feared to help the Ammonites any more.
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「污穢的言語一句不可出口，只要隨事說造就人的好話，叫聽見的人得益處」。（弗4:29）
回覆刪除「願耶和華在你我中間施行審判，斷定是非，並且鑒察，為我伸冤，救我脫離你的手。」（撒上 24:15）
1. 一個王出去和別的王打仗，豈不先坐下酌量，能用一萬兵去敵那領二萬兵來攻打他的嗎？(路 14:31)
2. 「一句話說得合宜，就如金蘋果在銀網子裡」。（箴言 25:11）
哈嫩的遭遇堪稱自取其辱，與人無尤。本章再申明大衛不獨對本國人有寬宏大量的心，對外邦人也顯出他的仁風美德。可惜，大衛對哈嫩一片真誠，換來的卻是哈嫩和亞捫人的首領的的猜疑、侮辱。大衛說：「我要照哈嫩的父親拿轄厚待（deal loyally & show kindness）我的恩典厚待哈嫩。」，要厚待哈嫩，安慰他喪父之痛（撒下 10:2），很可惜，哈嫩身邊沒有一個像亞比該，有智慧，才德的人。哈嫩不領情，喜聽信讒言，心胸狹隘又不顧後果，頑梗固執，竟恩將仇報。哈嫩正好代表世上一部分小人的心態。
記得，在撒上 25章， 我們每日靈修默想，看到拿八是一個吝嗇的人，可是他美麗的妻子卻和藹而又聰明；她善體人意，也愛她的丈夫拿八。她知道她的丈夫拿八，剛愎自復，得罪大衛和眾人，下場將不堪設想，所以她主動地去繫帶禮物，私自拜訪大衛，認錯，祈求大衛能網開一面，祝福大衛。。。結果，就神給她聰明智慧，化干戈為詳和，妥善地處理這件事情。可見拿八是個愚頑兇暴的性情，招致禍患；而其妻亞比該，卻是一個頭腦冷靜，巧智的女子，亞比該挺設身而出，阻止了這場家族危機。
主啊，求主幫助我，不要因自己的財富，身份，地位，名聲，而自以為是，常測度他人的不是；內心變得剛硬，失去了起初的愛心。求主更新我的意念與性情，賜給我們智慧和見識,知道如何待人處事，更要愛人如己。，主啊，我的「老我」，因人家的一句話或閒言嫌語，內心受不了，就馬上反擊，造成彼此之間的誤會和傷害。是的，一句話說得合宜，就如金蘋果在銀網子裡。求主賜給我一顆柔軟的心，知道要控制我的舌頭。污穢的言語一句不可出口，求主幫助我，隨事說造就人的好話，叫聽見的人得益處。主啊，相對的，當我站在優勢，有好的環境，地位，伸出友誼之手時來幫助需要的人，若我驕傲，自鳴得意，若招來對方的拒絕與侮辱時，求主光照我，看看我的內心和動機是否討神喜悅？ 若我的善意和動機是好的，用愛心來對待我們的朋友， 而同樣地招來對方的拒絕與侮辱時，我將反省檢討，不會像大衛拿刀，用武力擺平事件，這是於法不容的。只好忍辱離開，正如撒上 24:15所說：「願耶和華在你我中間施行審判，斷定是非，並且鑒察，為我伸冤，救我脫離你的手」。來到神面前，求告主，讓神來定奪是非。