全新四年樂活讀經
W4 2011-07-14 (利5)
經文: 利未記 5:15-16 「人若在耶和華的聖物上誤犯了罪，有了過犯，就要照你所估的，按聖所的舍客勒拿銀子，將贖愆祭牲就是羊群中一隻沒有殘疾的公綿羊牽到耶和華面前為贖愆祭；並且他因在聖物上的差錯要償還，另外加五分之一，都給祭司。祭司要用贖愆祭的公綿羊為他贖罪，他必蒙赦免。
默想: 根據利未記第四到第六章的記載，贖罪祭 (Sin Offering) 與贖愆祭 (Trespass Offering) 似乎有關，卻不完全相同。贖罪祭的救贖對象似乎是針對犯罪的人 (Sinner) 本身，贖愆祭則是比較針對所犯的罪行 (Sin Act)。前者耶和華容許按照犯罪者之經濟能力來獻祭。後者則一律規定要用沒有殘疾的公綿羊 (利5:15-18) 來獻祭，而且要加上五分之一的補償。這樣，將我們的罪罰分為人身與行為兩方面來看，當我們犯罪之後，主耶穌在十字架上為我們贖罪，主要是為我們的罪人身份贖罪，讓我們得以與神復和。但是，就罪行所帶來的後果與傷害，我們還是須要承擔與補償。大衛王犯罪之後，先知拿單宣告耶和華已經赦免了大衛的罪，上帝已經不向大衛掩面，但是，大衛所犯的罪帶來的傷害後果以及補償，似乎大衛還是須要擔當。
題目: 14-19節，贖愆祭與贖罪祭有何不同之處？(參羅8:3、林後5:21、彼前2:24，賽53:5-6)
5:1 「若有人聽見發誓的聲音（或作：若有人聽見叫人發誓的聲音），他本是見證，卻不把所看見的、所知道的說出來，這就是罪；他要擔當他的罪孽。
"If any one sins in that he hears a public adjuration to testify and though he is a witness, whether he has seen or come to know the matter, yet does not speak, he shall bear his iniquity.
5:2 或是有人摸了不潔的物，無論是不潔的死獸，是不潔的死畜，是不潔的死蟲，他卻不知道，因此成了不潔，就有了罪。
Or if any one touches an unclean thing, whether the carcass of an unclean beast or a carcass of unclean cattle or a carcass of unclean swarming things, and it is hidden from him, and he has become unclean, he shall be guilty.
5:3 或是他摸了別人的污穢，無論是染了甚麼污穢，他卻不知道，一知道了就有了罪。
Or if he touches human uncleanness, of whatever sort the uncleanness may be with which one becomes unclean, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it he shall be guilty.
5:4 或是有人嘴裡冒失發誓，要行惡，要行善，無論人在甚麼事上冒失發誓，他卻不知道，一知道了就要在這其中的一件上有了罪。
Or if any one utters with his lips a rash oath to do evil or to do good, any sort of rash oath that men swear, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it he shall in any of these be guilty.
5:5 他有了罪的時候，就要承認所犯的罪，
When a man is guilty in any of these, he shall confess the sin he has committed,
5:6 並要因所犯的罪，把他的贖愆祭牲─就是羊群中的母羊，或是一隻羊羔，或是一隻山羊─牽到耶和華面前為贖罪祭。至於他的罪，祭司要為他贖了。
and he shall bring his guilt offering to the LORD for the sin which he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a goat, for a sin offering; and the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin.
5:7 「他的力量若不夠獻一隻羊羔，就要因所犯的罪，把兩隻斑鳩或是兩隻雛鴿帶到耶和華面前為贖愆祭：一隻作贖罪祭，一隻作燔祭。
"But if he cannot afford a lamb, then he shall bring, as his guilt offering to the LORD for the sin which he has committed, two turtledoves or two young pigeons, one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering.
5:8 把這些帶到祭司那裡，祭司就要先把那贖罪祭獻上，從鳥的頸項上揪下頭來，只是不可把鳥撕斷，
He shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer first the one for the sin offering; he shall wring its head from its neck, but shall not sever it,
5:9 也把些贖罪祭牲的血彈在壇的旁邊，剩下的血要流在壇的腳那裡；這是贖罪祭。
and he shall sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood shall be drained out at the base of the altar; it is a sin offering.
5:10 他要照例獻第二隻為燔祭。至於他所犯的罪，祭司要為他贖了，他必蒙赦免。
Then he shall offer the second for a burnt offering according to the ordinance; and the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed, and he shall be forgiven.
5:11 「他的力量若不夠獻兩隻斑鳩或是兩隻雛鴿，就要因所犯的罪帶供物來，就是細麵伊法十分之一為贖罪祭；不可加上油，也不可加上乳香，因為是贖罪祭。
"But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons, then he shall bring, as his offering for the sin which he has committed, a tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a sin offering; he shall put no oil upon it, and shall put no frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering.
5:12 他要把供物帶到祭司那裡，祭司要取出自己的一把來作為紀念，按獻給耶和華火祭的條例燒在壇上；這是贖罪祭。
And he shall bring it to the priest, and the priest shall take a handful of it as its memorial portion and burn this on the altar, upon the offerings by fire to the LORD; it is a sin offering.
5:13 至於他在這幾件事中所犯的罪，祭司要為他贖了，他必蒙赦免。剩下的麵都歸與祭司，和素祭一樣。」
Thus the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed in any one of these things, and he shall be forgiven. And the remainder shall be for the priest, as in the cereal offering."
5:14 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
The LORD said to Moses,
5:15 「人若在耶和華的聖物上誤犯了罪，有了過犯，就要照你所估的，按聖所的舍客勒拿銀子，將贖愆祭牲─就是羊群中一隻沒有殘疾的公綿羊─牽到耶和華面前為贖愆祭；
"If any one commits a breach of faith and sins unwittingly in any of the holy things of the LORD, he shall bring, as his guilt offering to the LORD, a ram without blemish out of the flock, valued by you in shekels of silver, according to the shekel of the sanctuary; it is a guilt offering.
5:16 並且他因在聖物上的差錯要償還，另外加五分之一，都給祭司。祭司要用贖愆祭的公綿羊為他贖罪，他必蒙赦免。
He shall also make restitution for what he has done amiss in the holy thing, and shall add a fifth to it and give it to the priest; and the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he shall be forgiven.
5:17 「若有人犯罪，行了耶和華所吩咐不可行的甚麼事，他雖然不知道，還是有了罪，就要擔當他的罪孽；
"If any one sins, doing any of the things which the LORD has commanded not to be done, though he does not know it, yet he is guilty and shall bear his iniquity.
5:18 也要照你所估定的價，從羊群中牽一隻沒有殘疾的公綿羊來，給祭司作贖愆祭。至於他誤行的那錯事，祭司要為他贖罪，他必蒙赦免。
He shall bring to the priest a ram without blemish out of the flock, valued by you at the price for a guilt offering, and the priest shall make atonement for him for the error which he committed unwittingly, and he shall be forgiven.
5:19 這是贖愆祭，因他在耶和華面前實在有了罪。」
It is a guilt offering; he is guilty before the LORD."
"If any one sins in that he hears a public adjuration to testify and though he is a witness, whether he has seen or come to know the matter, yet does not speak, he shall bear his iniquity.
5:2 或是有人摸了不潔的物，無論是不潔的死獸，是不潔的死畜，是不潔的死蟲，他卻不知道，因此成了不潔，就有了罪。
Or if any one touches an unclean thing, whether the carcass of an unclean beast or a carcass of unclean cattle or a carcass of unclean swarming things, and it is hidden from him, and he has become unclean, he shall be guilty.
5:3 或是他摸了別人的污穢，無論是染了甚麼污穢，他卻不知道，一知道了就有了罪。
Or if he touches human uncleanness, of whatever sort the uncleanness may be with which one becomes unclean, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it he shall be guilty.
5:4 或是有人嘴裡冒失發誓，要行惡，要行善，無論人在甚麼事上冒失發誓，他卻不知道，一知道了就要在這其中的一件上有了罪。
Or if any one utters with his lips a rash oath to do evil or to do good, any sort of rash oath that men swear, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it he shall in any of these be guilty.
5:5 他有了罪的時候，就要承認所犯的罪，
When a man is guilty in any of these, he shall confess the sin he has committed,
5:6 並要因所犯的罪，把他的贖愆祭牲─就是羊群中的母羊，或是一隻羊羔，或是一隻山羊─牽到耶和華面前為贖罪祭。至於他的罪，祭司要為他贖了。
and he shall bring his guilt offering to the LORD for the sin which he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a goat, for a sin offering; and the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin.
5:7 「他的力量若不夠獻一隻羊羔，就要因所犯的罪，把兩隻斑鳩或是兩隻雛鴿帶到耶和華面前為贖愆祭：一隻作贖罪祭，一隻作燔祭。
"But if he cannot afford a lamb, then he shall bring, as his guilt offering to the LORD for the sin which he has committed, two turtledoves or two young pigeons, one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering.
5:8 把這些帶到祭司那裡，祭司就要先把那贖罪祭獻上，從鳥的頸項上揪下頭來，只是不可把鳥撕斷，
He shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer first the one for the sin offering; he shall wring its head from its neck, but shall not sever it,
5:9 也把些贖罪祭牲的血彈在壇的旁邊，剩下的血要流在壇的腳那裡；這是贖罪祭。
and he shall sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood shall be drained out at the base of the altar; it is a sin offering.
5:10 他要照例獻第二隻為燔祭。至於他所犯的罪，祭司要為他贖了，他必蒙赦免。
Then he shall offer the second for a burnt offering according to the ordinance; and the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed, and he shall be forgiven.
5:11 「他的力量若不夠獻兩隻斑鳩或是兩隻雛鴿，就要因所犯的罪帶供物來，就是細麵伊法十分之一為贖罪祭；不可加上油，也不可加上乳香，因為是贖罪祭。
"But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons, then he shall bring, as his offering for the sin which he has committed, a tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a sin offering; he shall put no oil upon it, and shall put no frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering.
5:12 他要把供物帶到祭司那裡，祭司要取出自己的一把來作為紀念，按獻給耶和華火祭的條例燒在壇上；這是贖罪祭。
And he shall bring it to the priest, and the priest shall take a handful of it as its memorial portion and burn this on the altar, upon the offerings by fire to the LORD; it is a sin offering.
5:13 至於他在這幾件事中所犯的罪，祭司要為他贖了，他必蒙赦免。剩下的麵都歸與祭司，和素祭一樣。」
Thus the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed in any one of these things, and he shall be forgiven. And the remainder shall be for the priest, as in the cereal offering."
5:14 耶和華曉諭摩西說：
The LORD said to Moses,
5:15 「人若在耶和華的聖物上誤犯了罪，有了過犯，就要照你所估的，按聖所的舍客勒拿銀子，將贖愆祭牲─就是羊群中一隻沒有殘疾的公綿羊─牽到耶和華面前為贖愆祭；
"If any one commits a breach of faith and sins unwittingly in any of the holy things of the LORD, he shall bring, as his guilt offering to the LORD, a ram without blemish out of the flock, valued by you in shekels of silver, according to the shekel of the sanctuary; it is a guilt offering.
5:16 並且他因在聖物上的差錯要償還，另外加五分之一，都給祭司。祭司要用贖愆祭的公綿羊為他贖罪，他必蒙赦免。
He shall also make restitution for what he has done amiss in the holy thing, and shall add a fifth to it and give it to the priest; and the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he shall be forgiven.
5:17 「若有人犯罪，行了耶和華所吩咐不可行的甚麼事，他雖然不知道，還是有了罪，就要擔當他的罪孽；
"If any one sins, doing any of the things which the LORD has commanded not to be done, though he does not know it, yet he is guilty and shall bear his iniquity.
5:18 也要照你所估定的價，從羊群中牽一隻沒有殘疾的公綿羊來，給祭司作贖愆祭。至於他誤行的那錯事，祭司要為他贖罪，他必蒙赦免。
He shall bring to the priest a ram without blemish out of the flock, valued by you at the price for a guilt offering, and the priest shall make atonement for him for the error which he committed unwittingly, and he shall be forgiven.
5:19 這是贖愆祭，因他在耶和華面前實在有了罪。」
It is a guilt offering; he is guilty before the LORD."
今日心得上傳及閱讀請到
1. 蔡茂堂牧師blog: http://hopingtsaidevotion.blogspot.com/
2. 李晶晶牧師blog: http://taipeihoping-chin.blogspot.com/
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